Enzymes and Food Tests Revision

• What is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates?

  Amylase
• What is the enzyme that breaks down proteins?

  Protease
• What is the enzyme that breaks down lipids?

  Lipase
• What are the 4 chemicals that are used to test for different nutrients in food?

   Biuret, Benedicts, Iodine, Ethanol
• What do digestive enzymes do to food molecules?

  They bind to and break them down
• What is the food molecule that enzymes bind to called?

  Substrate
• Why must the substrate fit into the active site of the enzyme?

  To form an enzyme substrate complex
• What is formed when the substrate fits into the active site of the enzyme?

  Enzyme substrate complex
• What happens to the substrate after forming the enzyme substrate complex?

  The enzyme breaks it down into products
• What occurs if a different substrate is used?

  It will have a different shape
• Why won't a different shaped substrate fit into the active site?

  Because it won't match the active site's shape
• What is the consequence of not forming an enzyme substrate complex?

  The substrate won't be broken down by the enzyme
• the lock and key model is used to describe what is happening.

  Substrate must be complimentary shape to the enzyme or the key will not fit in the lock (active site)
• • Lock and key
  • Enzyme is lock
  • Substrate is key
  • Enzymes can only break down certain substrates 

  Substrate has to match shape of enzymes active site
• Starch is broken down by...

  Amylase
• Starch is broken down into...

  Glucose
• Amylase breaks down...

  starch
• Protein is broken down by the enzyme...

  protease
• The substrate for protease is...

  protein
• Protein is broken down into...

  amino acids
• Fat fits into the active site of...

  lipase
• Fat is broken down into

  glycerol and fatty acids
• this table shows what all of them are

  
• this is food testing