AO1: Biological treatments for OCD

• Drugs: SSRIs

  Normally, serotonin diffuses across the synaptic gap to receptor sites.

  People with OCD have a problem that serotonin doesn't stay in the gap long enough.

  SSRIs attach to the pre-synapse and block reuptake.

  Serotonin is an excitatory neurotransmitter (EPSP) so puts positive sodium ions into the post synapse which depolarises it.

  Serotonin calms the nervous system, which therefore improves mood and reduces anxiety which is experienced by OCD patients.
• SSRIs: Example

  Prozac, treatment lasts 12-16 weeks
• Drugs: Benzodiazepines


  Works on the post synapse.

  It is an IPSP so hyperpolarises neurone by drawing potassium(K+) ions out, making the neurone less likely to fire.
• Drugs: Benzodiazepines

  Their role in reducing the intensity of compulsions is unclear but they do lower anxiety levels.
• Drugs: Benzodiazepines

  BZs enhance the action of GABA (natural form of anxiety release).

  GABA stops other brain chemicals exciting the neurone, reducing brain arousal. It tells the neurones to 'slow down' and 'stop firing'. 40% of the neurones in your brain responds to GABA.

  BZs have a general quietening influence on the brain.

  It has a sedative effect which make people feel calmer.
• Benzodiazepines: Example


  Vallium