Woodrow Wilson

• When was Woodrow Wilson president/ for how long and where was he on the political spectrum?

  Woodrow Wilson was president from 1913 to 1921 serving two terms. He was a Democrat and is generally considered a progressive or overall centre (realpolitik)
• What was Wilson’s new freedom?

  Progressive reform agenda aimed at reducing the power of big business, promoting social justice, and expanding individual freedoms.
• What are all the legislations in Wilson‘s new freedom?

  1913 - federal reserve act

  1913 - underwood Simmons tariff

  1913 - Clayton anti trust act

  1914 - federal trade commission

  1916 - federal farm loan act

  1916 - the revenue act

  1916 - workmen’s compensation act

  1916 - the Adamson act

  1919 - 19th amendment

  1917-18 - espionage, sabotage and sedition act

  1919 - 18th amendment

  introduced racial segregation in the army
• To what extent were the new freedom of Wilson, a continuation of the anti trust reforms of TR and Taft?

  Wilson - 1913 - Clayton anti trust act

  Roosevelt - 1902 - used Sherman anti trust act to sue Northern securities

  Taft - 1909-13 - Anti trust suits such as standard oil (TR brought in 40 cases in 7 years)
• To what extent were the new freedom of Wilson, a continuation of the protecting consumers reforms of TR and Taft?

  Wilson - 1913 - Underwood Simmons tariff 1914 - federal trade commission

  Roosevelt - 1906 - Hepburn railroad regulation act, pure food and drug act, meat inspection act.

  Taft - continued to regulate the railroads
• To what extent were the new freedom reforms of Wilson a continuation of TR and Taft’s protecting workers reforms?

  Wilson - 1916 - workers compensation act, the Adamson act

  Roosevelt - 8 hour day for miners

  Taft - 8 hour day from government workers
• To what extent were the new freedom reforms of Wilson a continuation of TR and Taft‘s tax reforms?

  Wilson - 1916 - the revenue act (taxed the rich to redistribute wealth)

  Taft - 16th amendment (income tax)
• Were the progressives successful in their aims and why?

  Yes, to some extent. They achieved some of their goals such as labor reforms and women's suffrage, but not all of them such as reduce crime and to a certain extent enfranchising women
• Why did progressivism fail and why?

  Lack of popular support and opposition from powerful interests. Didn’t end the influence of business and commerce over government. There was little change in the status of black workers in the North as well as the South. prohibition denied individual liberty and choice.
• why were the progressive successful and why?

  established the principle of public intervention to change society for ethical reasons. Raising awareness of poverty, injustice and workers health and safety. TR’s square deal, Trust regulators, breaking down monopolies.
• To what extent was America more United by 1920 and why?

  More United. Industrialization, urbanization, and the aftermath of World War I fostered a sense of national identity and common purpose making America a super power.