spine

• Iliocostalis thoracis and cervicis:

  o - Common Origin:

  Iliac crest and tuberosity

  Sacrum

  Spinous process of T11 – L5 and supraspinous ligaments

  r - up and out via slips

  i - Thoracis: Upper 6 ribs and transverse process of C7

  Cervicis: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes C4 - C7

  a - unilateral - ipsilateral side flexion / rotation

  bilateral - trunk / neck extension

  ns - adjacent posterior primary rami
• Longissimus cervicis and capitis:

  o - Cervicis: Transverse processes T1 – T6

  Capitis: transverse processes of T1 – T5, and articular processes of C4 – C7

  
  

  r - up and out

  
  

  i - Cervicis: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C2-C6

  Capitis: posterior aspect of mastoid process

  
  

  a - Unilateral - ipsilateral side flexion / rotation

  Bilateral : trunk / neck extension

  
  

  ns - Adjacent posterior primary rami
• Spinalis cervicis and capiti:

  o - General: spinous process to spinous process (Spinalis Thoracis T11 –T12)

  Cervicis and Capitis: poorly developed and frequently blend with other muscles

  r - upwards

  i - Cervicis and Capitis: poorly developed and frequently blend with other muscles (Spinalis Thoracis T1 –T6)

  a - Unilateral - ipsilateral side flexion / rotation

  Bilateral : trunk extension

  ns- Adjacent posterior primary rami
• Semispinalis cervicis:

  o - Transverse process T1-T6

  r - upwards and inwards

  i - spinous process c-c6

  a - unilateral - contralateral rotation

  bilateral - trunk extension

  ns - Adjacent posterior primary rami
• semispinalis capitis:

  o - transverse process t1-t6 and articular process c4-c7

  r - upwards and inwards

  i - medial impression between the superior and inferior nuchal lines on base of skull

  a - unilateral - contralateral rotation

  bilateral - trunk extension

  ns - Adjacent posterior primary rami