What name is given to microorganisms that cause disease?
Pathogens
What do bacteria release that make us feel ill?
Toxins
What types of pathogen cause measles?
Virus
Which type of microorganisms cause gonorrhoea?
Bacteria
What type of medicine can be used to treat gonorrhoea?
Antibiotics
Which type of blood cell does the HIV virus attack?
White blood cells
Name the disease that causes a ‘mosaic’ pattern of discolouration.
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
What is the disease that HIV develops into?
AIDS
What disease begins with a flu like illness and progresses to attack the immune cells if it isn’t controlled?
AIDS
How is the measles virus spread?
Contact with saliva or mucus
What does TMV stand for?
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
They are very small but they are not cells. They can only reproduce inside cells of other organism. What are they?
Viruses
What system in the body is affected by HIV/AIDS?
Immune system
Viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists can cause disease. Because of this, they are examples of what?
Pathogens
Salmonella food poisoning is spread by bacteria that are ingested in food.
Name the bacterial disease with symptoms of a thick green or yellow discharge from the genitals and pain when urinating.
Gonorrhoea
What type of pathogen causes malaria?
Protist
When a plant has TMV, its leaves are discoloured in a ‘mosaic‘ pattern. This slows the growth of the plant because it prevents what process from happening?
Photosynthesis
Rose black spot is a fungal disease in which purple black spots develop on the leaves of a plant.
what are the two methods of spreading rose black spot?
Water and Wind
A pathogen will reproduce in order to increase its numbers.
White blood cells help to defend against infection by producing antitoxins and by ingesting pathogens. They also produce antibodies that help defend against the infection.
What word is used to describe injecting a small amount of an inactivated pathogen into the body to stimulate immunity?
Vaccination
Name the substance found in the trachea that traps dust and pathogens and stops them from entering the lungs.
Mucus
What is the function of the cilia found in the cells of the trachea?
To move mucus
The trachea and bronchi secrete mucus which traps pathogens.
What do white blood cells produce to help defend against pathogens?
antibodies and antitoxins
What is the name of the process where a white blood cell engulfs a pathogen?
Phagocytosis
Drugs need to be tested to make sure they are effective and safe.
Drugs need to be tested for efficacy,dosage and toxicity.
What term is used to describe a substance given in clinical trials that does not contain the drug?
Placebo
What is the name of the microorganism that is used to produce penicillin?
Penicillium
What type of organism is penicillium?
Fungus
Which type of microorganism produces the antibiotic penicillin?
Fungus
What plant is the drug digitalis derived from?
Foxglove
What plant is the drug aspirin derived from?
Willowtree
What plant is the drug penicillin derived from?
Penicilliummould
Who discovered penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
As well as patients, who will be given the drug in clinical trials?