Aerobic Respiration

• Chemical equation of Aerobic respiration : Glucose + Oxygen - > Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
• Trachea is a tube in which air travels from the mouth and nose to the lungs. Also known as the windpipe.
• Bronchi are tubes that branch off from the trachea, leading into the lungs.
• Alveoli are tiny sacs where gas exchange occurs between the bloodstream and the atmosphere.
• Intercostal muscles are found between the ribs. They contract and relax to help air move in and out of the lungs.
• A diaphragm is a dome shaped, flat muscle that sits underneath the rib cage. It contracts and relaxes to change the volume of the chest, coughing the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
• Capillaries are very narrow vessels that carry blood around the body. The walls of these vessels are only one cell thick so they have a large surface area relative to their size. This allows gases to pass through quickly.
• Bronchioles are small tubes that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli. They provide a large surface area for gas exchange to take place.
• Lung volume is how much air your lungs can hold
• Lung volume can increase by regularly exercising
• When you inhale, the volume in your lungs increases and the pressure in your lungs decreases
• The intercostal muscles contract when we breathe in which causes the ribcage to expand and the volume inside our lungs to increase
• During exercise, more oxygen is needed to produce energy. Therefore, breathing rate will increase as well as tidal volume (the amount of air breathed in per breath)
• When you exhale the volume in your lungs decreases and the pressure in your lungs increases.
• Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
• Aerobic respiration happens in the mitochondria
• Respiration provides energy and your body needs energy for everything
• The oxygen needed for respiration diffuses into the blood from Air in the lungs. It binds to hemoglobin and is carried in the bloodstream to respiring tissues. Since cells are continually respiring, the concentration of oxygen in the body's tissue is lower so it moves them by diffusion.
• Glucose is the simple sugar carbohydrate. It dissolves and is carried around the body in the liquid part of the blood or the plasma. Dissolved glucose diffuses into the body cell which can use it for respiration
• The reactants in respiration diffuses into the cells and the product diffuses out
• Red blood cells don't have a nucleus so they have more space to carry oxygen
• The characteristics of living things are: Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition
• When you inhale you take in oxygen your body cells needs for respiration. When you exhale you release the carbon dioxide with your body cells form as a waste product of respiration
• When you inhale the muscle between your ribs contracts. This post your rib cage up and out. The diaphragm also contracts and move down. The volume inside your chest increases. The pressure inside your lungs decreases, which draw air into lungs.
• When you exhale the muscle between your ribs relaxes instead. This pulls the rib cage in the opposite direction down and in. The diaphragm also relaxes and moves back up this decreases the volume in your chest. The pressure inside your chest increases, which pushes the air out of your lungs.
• While the air is inside your lungs, oxygen in the alveolus diffuses into your blood carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood and into the alveolus into your lungs. The you breathe out has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide than the air you breathe in
• You inhale 21% oxygen and exhale 16% oxygen
• You inhale 0.04% carbon dioxide and exhale 4% carbon dioxide
• You inhale 79% nitrogen and exhale 79% nitrogen
• The temperature of exhaled air is 34° C
• While the air is inside your lungs, the oxygen in the air diffuses into your blood carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood and into the air in your lungs. The air you breathe out has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide than the air you breathe in.
• Inhalation is when you take in air through your nose or mouth.