english vocabulary

• Word formation is the process of creating new words or forming new words from existing ones.
• Synonyms are words that have similar meanings.
• An idiom is a group of words that have a meaning different from the literal meaning of each individual word.
• Collocations are word combinations that frequently occur together in a language.
• Homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings and spellings.
• A prefix is a word part added to the beginning of a base word to create a new word with a different meaning.
• Contextual vocabulary refers to the words and phrases that are used in specific contexts or situations.
• Figurative language is a form of language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.
• A word family is a group of words that are derived from the same root word.
• Idioms are commonly used in everyday language and can be difficult to understand for non-native speakers.
• Idioms often reflect cultural and historical references.
• Phrases, on the other hand, are a group of words that function as a single unit but do not have a figurative meaning.
• Idioms and phrases are important in English because they add color and depth to the language.
• Learning idioms and phrases can help improve your understanding and fluency in English.
• Technical and scientific vocabulary refers to the specialized terms and words used in specific fields such as engineering, medicine, and computer science.
• Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
• Examples of synonyms include "happy" and "joyful", "big" and "large", and "hot" and "warm".
• Examples of antonyms include "happy" and "sad", "big" and "small", and "hot" and "cold".
• Synonyms can be used to add variety and depth to writing.
• Antonyms can be used to create contrast and emphasize differences in writing.
• There are several ways to form new words, including affixation, compounding, conversion, and derivation.
• Affixation involves adding prefixes or suffixes to a base word to create a new word with a different meaning.
• Compounding involves combining two or more words to create a new word with a combined meaning.
• Conversion, also known as zero derivation, is the process of using a word from one word class as another word class without any changes in form.
• Derivation involves adding a derivational affix to a base word to create a new word with a different meaning or word class.
• Collocations are important for improving fluency and naturalness in English.
• Collocations can be formed by combining different parts of speech, such as noun + verb, adjective + noun, and verb + adverb.
• Some common collocations include "make a decision," "take a shower," and "break a promise."
• Collocations are often specific to a particular language or culture and may not directly translate to other languages.
• Learning collocations can help avoid common mistakes and improve overall language proficiency.
• It is important to understand contextual vocabulary in order to fully comprehend and effectively communicate in different settings.
• Contextual vocabulary can vary based on factors such as culture, profession, and social group.
• Learning contextual vocabulary involves understanding the meaning, usage, and connotations of words in specific contexts.
• Contextual vocabulary can include idioms, slang, jargon, and technical terms.
• Contextual vocabulary is often learned through exposure to authentic materials such as books, movies, and conversations.
• Homonyms are words that sound the same and have the same spelling but have different meanings.
• Examples of homophones include "their" and "there," "to" and "too," and "two" and "too."
• Examples of homonyms include "bat" (a flying mammal) and "bat" (a wooden stick used in sports), and "bank" (a financial institution) and "bank" (the edge of a river).
• Homophones and homonyms can cause confusion in writing and speaking.
• It is important to use the correct homophone or homonym in order to convey the intended meaning.