Save
history
germany
Post WW1 / Weimar Germany
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Learn
Created by
DizzyCrane87907
Visit profile
Cards (38)
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed (Month and year)
June
1919
Under the TofV, how many men could Germany have in the army
100,000
Who won the Jan 1919 elections
Social Democrats
- nicknamed
The Weimar Republic
What was the system of Proportional Representation
Each
political party
gets a
fair share of seats
in the
Reichstag
So if a part got 10% of votes they had
10%
of seats
What was the problem with the Proportional Representation system
there were
too many parties
so none could get
majority
(
50%
) of seats
this meant parties
had to
make deals
with
each other
which
slowed down
the process
What were the strengths of the Weimar Republic
Very
fair
- especially the
voting
Allowed
people to
have their say
State governments ensured
local issues were addressed
Wouldn't allow
one person to take over
-
Chancellor
and
President
balanced each other
A poor
Chancellor
or
President
would only be around for a
limited amount of time
What were the weaknesses of the Weimar Republic
Proportional representation
- too many
parties
meant too many
disagreements
and
nothing would ever get done
Article 48
- could be abused so that
President stopped listening to Reichstag
State governments could
pass laws
that
went against what Reichstag wanted
Enemies of Weimar had
equal power to them
What nickname did Germans give to Democratic Politicians that signed TofV
November
Criminals
What was the War guilt clause and what did it cause
Blame for the War fully goes to Germany
Loss in
country pride
+
morale
How much was Germany expected to pay in Reparations and what did it cause
6.6
Billion
dollars
Huge dent in
economy
-
taxes
rise
What territory did Germany lose from TofV and what did it lead to
e.g
Alsace-Lorraine
went to
England
,
France
,
Poland
,
Denmark
etc
people lost
homes
,
economic
impacts,
political tensions
Who was Germany forbidden from uniting with again and what did this cause
Austria
Loss of an ally
Army loses
manpower
triggers people to
defy
Where were German troops not allowed to enter
Rhineland
(
German-French
border
)
What impact did the loss of coalfields in the Saar region have
loss of
economically
prosperous
area - couldnt afford to pay
reparations
People lost
jobs
tensions with France
rise
What was Dolchstoss and who believed this
The idea that the
armistice shouldn't have been signed
and they would have
won the war
People believed that Ebert + the government had
betrayed Germany by surrenderin
g
Mostly
right-wing
people believed this
What was Article 48
President
could
make laws
without Reichstag's permission
in an
emergency
Why did Germans hate the TofV
felt it was
too harsh
was forced on them without their permission - they called it a
diktat
(
dictated peace
)
felt
betrayed by government
Who were the 2 leaders of the Spartacist rebellion
Karl Liebnecht
and
Rosa Luxemburg
When was the Spartacist rebellion
Jan
1919
What did the spartacists try to do
start a rebellion
to
take over Germany
from
Ebert
when he was first elected
What did Ebert do to defeat Spartacists
Used his
Freikorps
(ex-soldiers that
hated communism
) to
stop rebellion
killed
100
spartacists and
both leaders
What problems did the Freikorps bring for Ebert
made him look weak since he relied on them to
keep
peace
they were
risky
since they could
turn
on
him
at any point
What happened after the spartacist rebellion
sparked more
communist uprisings around Germany
that had to be squashed by
Freikorps
When was the Kapp Putsch (Month and year)
March
1920
What happened in the Kapp Putsch
5000
Freikorps
protested against
weak
Weimar Republic
- they wanted a
strong
autocratic government
Who led the Kapp Putsch
Wolfgang
Kapp
How did the Nazi Party begin
Hitler
joined the
German Workers party
in
1920
since
they were opposed to TofV
He became its
leader
and renamed it the
National Socialist German Workers Party
(
NSDAP
)
Gave it a
new flag
and a
new army
(
SA
/
Brownshirts
) to
protect it
gained
attraction
from
Hitler's powerful speeches
What caused the Invasion of the Ruhr
Germany couldn't afford a
reparation payment
France
and
Belgium
invaded Germany to take
payment
by
force
Ruhr
was Germany's
main industrial area
+ had
goods
like
coal
When was the invasion of the Ruhr (Month and year)
Jan 1923
What was the reaction to the Invasion of the Ruhr and what did it cause
passive
resistance
-
went on strike
+
refused to make goods
that invaders wanted
sabotaged factories
+
flooded mines
Invaders
shot
+ expelled Germans
When was Hyperinflation at its peak
1923
What caused Hyperinflation
Weimar government
supported
strikers
(
against Ruhr occupation
)
by printing more money
to
pay them
so they could
afford to keep striking
Too many notes in the economy
meant
prices
went out of control
What were the effects of Hyperinflation
Middle class
+
elderly
suffered badly as their
savings
/
pensions
were depleted
bread cost
200 billion
marks
people blamed
Weimar government
as they printed the money in the first place - made them even more
unpopular
What were the main problems for the Weimar Republic
Occupation of Ruhr
- made Germany even poorer
Hyperinflation
- made them unpopular
Munich Putsch
- another example of political extremism in Germany
(political unrest vs economic crises)
When was the Munich Putsch (Month and year)
Nov
1923
What caused the Munich Putsch
Sep 1923
-
Chancellor Stresemann
stopped
passive resistance
with
France
Right-wing extremists
+ Republic haters saw this a
betrayal
and rebelled
What consequences did the Munich Putsch have for Hitler
Was
arrested
- wrote
Mein Kampf
there
Got
publicity
- was known all over Germany
changed his
strategy
- decided it would be better to take power by g
aining popularity,
not by force
When and What was the Paris Peace conference
Jan
1919
Meeting that
initiated
settlements
after WW1