Papers and boards

• What size is A4

  210 X 297 mm
• What size is A3

  297 X 420 mm
• What size is A5

  148 X 210 mm
• What are papers and boards primarily made from?

  Natural fibres (cellulose) from wood
• What are other sources of fibre besides wood?

  Bamboo, flax, hemp, kenaf, straw, sugarcane
• Why are wood fibres mostly sourced from softwoods?

  They grow faster than hardwoods
• What is rag paper made from?

  Cotton
• What is the first stage in the production of paper and board?

  Making pulp
• What happens to the natural cellulose fibres during pulp production?

  They are mixed with water and cooked
• What is the purpose of the mesh conveyor in pulp production?

  To allow excess water to drain away
• What happens to the pulp after it drains excess water?

  It is pressed, formed, and dried into sheets
• How is paper size standardized?

  To meet printer requirements
• What factors determine the final finish of paper or board?

  • Type of fibre used for pulp
  • Chemicals added during manufacturing
  • Addition of layers, coatings, or laminates
  • Level of bleaching for colour
• What is the effect of bleaching on pulp?

  It decreases the natural color, making it whiter
• What is GSM in relation to paper?

  Grams per square meter
• How is paper weight characterized?

  By its GSM measurement
• What weight classifies paper as board?

  More than 220 gsm
• What is cardboard and its characteristics?

  • Heavy duty paper
  • Available in various thicknesses and strengths
  • Measured in microns (1000 microns = 1 mm)
  • Can be made from recycled paper
• How can cardboard be enhanced?

  By laminating it to other materials
• What are some types of cardboard?

  Card, corrugated cardboard, mount board
• What are common uses for cardboard?

  Packaging like coffee sleeves and pizza boxes
• What is the purpose of layers in cardboard?

  To provide strength and insulation
• What are the properties of cardboard layers?

  • Ply structure for strength
  • Shock resistant for deliveries
  • Insulating properties