homeostasis and response

• What is homeostasis?

  Maintenance of a constant internal environment
• What are some factors controlled by homeostasis?

  Blood glucose concentration, temperature, body salts
• What is a negative feedback loop?

  A process that counteracts changes in the body
• What happens when blood glucose concentration is too high?

  The body coordinates a response to decrease it
• How does the body respond when blood glucose levels drop too low?

  Another hormone is released to increase levels
• What is the role of the nervous system?

  To detect stimuli and coordinate responses
• What do receptors do in the nervous system?

  Detect changes in the environment
• What happens when you get stung by a bee?

  Pain receptors create an electrical impulse
• What are sensory neurons responsible for?

  Transporting electrical impulses to the CNS
• What is a synapse?

  A junction between two neurons
• How does the central nervous system respond to stimuli?

  It sends impulses back to effectors
• What is a reflex action?

  An automatic response that skips the brain
• What is the role of the endocrine system?

  To regulate hormones in the body
• What is the master gland of the endocrine system?

  The pituitary gland
• What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?

  Thyroxine
• What does thyroxine regulate?

  Heart rate, metabolism, and temperature
• What does the adrenal gland release?

  Adrenaline
• What is the function of insulin?

  Regulates blood glucose levels
• What do the testes produce?

  Testosterone
• What is the role of estrogen?

  Involved in the menstrual cycle
• What are the two types of diabetes?

  Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes
• What is Type 1 diabetes?

  Pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin
• What is Type 2 diabetes?

  Body becomes resistant to insulin
• How can Type 2 diabetes be managed?

  By maintaining a healthy diet and fitness
• What are the stages of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Lining breaks down (first 4 days)
  2. Lining builds back up (next 10 days)
  3. Egg is released (around day 14)
  4. Lining is maintained before next cycle
• What are the four hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?

  FSH, estrogen, LH, progesterone
• What does FSH stand for?

  Follicle stimulating hormone
• What does LH stand for?

  Luteinizing hormone
• What are the functions of FSH and LH?

  • FSH: Stimulates follicle development
  • LH: Triggers ovulation and hormone production
• What is the next topic after homeostasis?

  Inheritance variation and evolution
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