ecology

• What is a habitat?

  A place where an organism lives
• What is a population?

  All organisms of a species in a habitat
• How can you remember the concept of population?

  Think of the population of the world
• What is a community in ecological terms?

  All populations of different species in a habitat
• What are abiotic factors?

  Non-living factors of the environment
• What are biotic factors?

  Living factors of the environment
• What is an ecosystem?

  Interaction of biotic organisms with abiotic features
• Why do organisms compete?

  To survive and obtain resources
• What resources do plants need to survive?

  Light, water, and space
• What resources do animals need to reproduce?

  Space, food, water, and mates
• What are the three types of adaptations?

  Behavioral, structural, and functional
• What is a behavioral adaptation?

  The way an organism behaves
• What is a structural adaptation?

  Features of an organism's body structure
• What is a functional adaptation?

  Functions that help an organism survive
• What is the process of a food chain?

  • Producers (e.g., grass) at trophic level one
  • Biomass transfer occurs when consumers eat producers
  • Example: 30% biomass lost when rabbit eats grass
  • Predators (e.g., fox) eat consumers, further reducing biomass
• What do the green arrows in a food chain diagram indicate?

  Biomass transfer between trophic levels
• What does the predator-prey cycle graph show?

  Population changes of predators and prey over time
• What happens to the prey population when predators eat them?

  The prey population dips
• What happens to the predator population when prey is scarce?

  The predator population dips
• What are the steps of the water cycle?

  1. Precipitation (rain falls)
  2. Water absorbed by plants (transpiration)
  3. Evaporation from plants and water bodies
  4. Condensation forms clouds
  5. Cycle repeats
• What are the steps of the carbon cycle?

  1. Photosynthesis by plants absorbs CO2
  2. Respiration by animals releases CO2
  3. Decay of waste adds carbon to soil
  4. Burning fossil fuels releases CO2
  5. Cycle continues with plants and animals
• What is biodiversity?

  The variety of different species of organisms
• Why is high biodiversity important?

  It ensures ecosystems are stable
• What human actions affect biodiversity?

  Waste production, deforestation, and global warming
• What can destroy habitats for animals and plants?

  Human actions like deforestation
• What is the conclusion of the ecology topic?

  It sums up the entire biology spec
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