WW2

• When did Germany invade Poland

  1939
• When was rationing introuced

  1939
• What happened after women were reluctant to join workforce

  mandatory conscription in 1943
• When and where was the turning point in the War for Germany

  The defeat at Stalingrad in 1943
• What began happenning in 1942

  bombing raids on major German cities such as Dresden
• What was the Volkssturm and when was it introduced

  • Peoples army made up of Hitler youth and men not fit enough to join army
  • lacked experience, had poor training, few weapons
• What were Nazi Ghettos

  • holding camps so Jews could easily be transported to next destination
  • Thousands died from cold, hunger, and disease
• Who were the Einsatzgruppen

  • Special murder squads
  • Forced Jews to dig their own graves before shooting them
• What was devised at Wannsee Conference in 1942 and why

  • The final solution - kill all jews
  • After Germany invaded Russia, they captured so many Jews that they didn't know what to do with them all
  • Decided 6 death camps would be built in Poland
• How many Jews died in the concentration camps

  6 million
• Who organised the July Bomb plot in 1944 and why

  What happened as a result of this

  • Count von Stauffenberg
  • army officers became more and more critical of Hitler as the war worsened
  • Hitler survived and around 5700 people were executed
• Which protestant pastors spoke out against Nazis

  Niemoller + Bonhoeffer
• What were the 4 main impacts of WW2 (RARE)

  • Rationing
  • Area bombing
  • Refugees
  • Employment
• How did the diets of German people change under rationing

  more monotonous with lots of bread and potatoes
• What food did people have shortages of under rationing and why

  meat due to lack of imports from USA
• When was rationing introduced in Germany (month)

  Aug 1939
• What did area bombing include and when did it start

  • 1942 (turning point for Germany)
  • targeted large, industrial cities such as Dresden with incendiary bombs
  • not distinguishing between military and civilian targets
• What did rationing lead to

  increase in civilian deaths due to malnourishment and starvation
• What was the impact of area bombing

  • 7.5 million people made homeless
  • 300,000 - 400,000 people killed
• What did German refugees do in WW2

  • at the outbreak of the war, Germans living in the regions bordering France (such as the Saar) fled further into Germany but returned after immediate fighting with France didn't begin
  • When Soviet Union advanced through Poland + Germany (1944-45) civilians fled west to escape brutality
• How many German men served in the army during the war and what was the consequence of this

  • 13.7 million
  • Created a huge labour shortage
• How was the labour shortage dealt with

  • women re-entered the workforce as they did in WW1
  • Nazis used forced labour which consisted of civilians and prisoners of war
  • there were 8 million slave labourers in Germany by the end of the war