Acids

• what will strong acids and bases do in solution ?

  fully dissociate
• give the dissociation equation for when HCL is dissolved in water

  HCL(aq) ----> H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
• give the equation for when sodium hydroxide fully dissociates

  • NaOH (aq) → Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)
• What happens when weak acids dissociate in solution?

  Weak acids only partially dissociate in solution, meaning only a small percentage of the products will be ions. At equilibrium, both reactants and products are present in the solution.
• What is an example of a weak acid and how does it dissociate?

  Ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid that partially dissociates in solution:CH₃COOH (aq) ⇌ CH₃COO⁻ (aq) + H⁺ (aq).
• How do weak bases behave in solution?

  Weak bases also only partially dissociate in solution, with a small percentage of the products becoming ions. An equilibrium is established, containing both reactants and products.
• what is a neutralisation reaction ?

  one in which an acid and a base/alkali react together to form water and a salt
• what happens in terms of the ions in a neutralisation reaction ?

  the proto of the acid reacts with the hydroxide of the base to form water and the spectator ions for the salt
• what is reaction equation for a reaction between a metal and an acid ?

  Metal + Acid -> Salt + Hydrogen gas
• what does the extent of a reaction between an acid and metal depend on ?

  the reactivity of the metal and strength of an acid
• how can you see that a reaction is happening faster than?

  • more effervescence
  • the metal dissolves faster
  • more exothermic
• what is the reaction equation for a reaction between an acid and metal oxide ?

  acid + metal oxide →  salt + water
• what is the reaction equation for a metal hydroxide and an acid ?

  acid + metal hydroxide →  salt + water
• what is the reaction equation for a metal carbonate reacting with an acid ?

  acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide