Module 1

• Prose - Presented in natural, straightforward spoken language written in sentences and paragraphs. It is more focused on gramatical correctness.
• Poetry - It is more artistic and in the form of stanzas. It uses figurative language.
• Tone - Attitude of a writer
• Imagery - Uses vivid description to create an image.
• Figurative Language - Does not use a word's realistic meaning.
• Stanza - A group of lines in a poem.
• Rhyme - Repetition of similar sounds.
• Rhythm - Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllable.
• Mood - Emotion of the poem.
• Stressed symbol means giving more emphasis while unstressed means less.
• Simile is used to describe a subject by comparing using the words "like" and "as".
• Metaphor is a phrase used in non-literal sense. Like simile but does not use words to directly compare.
• Hyperbole - Used to make something look and sound more impressive. Basically exaggeration.
• Personification - Representation of something in human form.
• Irony - Opposite of the literal meaning.
• Sonnet - Poem consisting of 14 lines using a number of formal scheme.
• Italian Sonnet

  Petrarchan Sonnet
• English Sonnet

  Shakespearean Sonnet
• Francesco Petrarch:

  1. First known major sonnet writer
  2. Wrote Canzoniere
• William Shakespeare:

  1. God of Literature
  2. Wrote 154 sonnets
  3. Most prolific writer
• Petrarchan Sonnet - 14 lines divided into two sections, an octave and a sestet.
• Octave presents the problem while sestet gives a solution.
• Shakespearean Sonnet - Contains 3 quatrains with 4 lines and 2 rhyming couplet.
• Rhyming words - Two or more words with similar ending sound.
• Rhyming Scheme - Pattern of rhyming words at the end of each line.
• Adverbs of Place - Used to describe the location or position of an object or person.
• Adverbs of Frequency - Describes how often an action happens.
• Adverbs of Time - Tells us when an action happened or will happen.
• Adverbs of Manner - Describes how an action is done.
• Adverbs of Degree - Tells us the intensity of something.