resistance to social influence

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Grace

Cards (20)

what is social support
the presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same
these people act as models to show other people that resistance to social influence is possible
when does resistance to social influence occur
when individuals don't conform to the majority
when individuals don't obey the orders of an authority figure
impact of social support in Asch's study
enables the naive participant to be free to follow their own conscience
the confederates as a 'model' of independent behaviour
how is resisting obedience shown in Milgram's variations
the rate of obedience dropped from 65% to 10% when the pp was joined by a disobedient confederate
the other person's disobedience acts as a 'model' of dissent for the pp
the disobedient model challenges the legitimacy of the authority figure, making it easier for others to disobey
who proposed locus of control
Rotter (1966)
what is locus of control
a concept concerned with internal control versus external control
types of locus of control
internal LOC
external LOC
what do internals believe
the things that happen to them are largely controlled by themselves
example of internal LOC
if you do well in a exam its because you worked hard
what do externals believe
they believe that the things that happen are outside their control
example of external LOC
if you did well on an exam it's because you had a lenient examiner
what is the LOC continuum
people aren't just internal or external
LOC is a scale and individuals vary on the scale
high internal LOC = one end of the continuum
high external LOC= other end of the continuum
characteristics of people with higher internal LOC
able to resists pressures to conform or obey
take personal responsibility
base their decisions on their own beliefs
don't depend on others
more self-confident
more achievement oriented
greater resistance to social influence
strengths of research of social support
real world research support (Albrecht et al)
research support for dissenting peers (Gamson et al)
research of Albrecht et al (2006)
evaluated teen fresh start USA- an 8 week program to help pregnant 14-19 year olds resist peer pressure to smoke
social support= mentor or a 'buddy'
teens who had a 'buddy' were significantly less likely to smoke than a control group with no 'buddys'
shows impact of social support
Gamson et al's 1982 research
pps were told to produce evidence that would be used to help an oil company run a smear campaign
found Hughe levels of resistance than Milgram did
pps were in group so could discuss
29/33 groups (88%)= rebelled against orders
shows power of peer support
strength of research of LOC
research support (Holland)
research of Holland 1967
repeated Milgram's baseline study
measured if pps were internals or externals
37% of internals did not continue to highest shock
23% of external did not continue to 450 volts
internals showed greater resistance
limitation of research of LOC
contradictory research (Twenge et al)
Twenge et al(2004) research
analysed data from American LOC studies conducted from 1960 to 2002
people became more resistant to obedience
people became more external
surprising as we would expect internal if more resistant