Unit 1

Created by

gritha

Cards (22)

List the parts of the animal cells
cell membrane - controls what goes in and out
cytoplasm - where all the chemical reactions happen
Nucleus - Where the chromosomes are and where the information is stored.
Mitochondria - The power house of the cell that helps with aerobic respiration
Ribosomes - This helps perform the protein syntheses
Difference between electron and light microscope
Light has less resolution and magnification and light is less expensive
Parts of a plant cell?
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuoles, ribosomes.
What are the adaptations of micro alveoli in the liver?
Increased surface area for nutrient absorption.
What are the adaptations of a human egg cell?
They have a jelly layer that protects the cell and then hardens when it has been fertilized. The cytoplasm is packed with nutrients for the embryo.
What are the adaptations of a human sperm cell?
They have a lot of mitochondria to help them move around.
There is an acrosome that has an enzyme that breaks the layer around the egg cell.
They have a streamlined shape so they can swim easily.
Name the cell organelles in a bacteria
Cell membrane
slime coat
chromosomal DNA in the form of a string
Cytoplasm helps the chemical reactions to happen
Flexible cell wall for enhanced movement
Plasmid DNA that controls some of the cells activities
Flagellum propels the bacteria around helping it swim.
what to what?
protein - amino acids
Starch - glucose
lipid - fatty acids
What is the breaking of larger particles into smaller ones called?
Synthesis
Describe a enzyme?
A enzyme is a biological catalyst that helps speed up the rate of reaction and it is a protein that is found throughout the body. The substances in proteins are called substrances
What, where, how?
Amylase - saliva and small intestine - breaking down starch and sugar.
Catalase - liver - breaking down hydrogen peroxide
Starch polymerase - plant - starch from glucose
DNA polymerase - nucleus - synthesis from DNA polymers
What are chemical food tests used to identify?
Chemical food tests are used to identify the presence of specific nutrients or substances in food.
What can you test with Benedict's solution and what colour does it turn?
Reducing sugars and the darker the color more the sugar.
What do you test with the Biuret test and what chemical is used?
The Biuret test is used to test for the presence of proteins. The chemical used is copper sulfate and potassium hydroxide
What is tested with the Ethanol emissions test and what chemical is used?
The ethanol emissions test measures the amount of ethanol released and the fat and oil present, if they are a cloudy precipitate is formed. The chemical used is ethanol.
What does a calorimeter do?
It measures the energy released by foods
What is a protein?
A protein is a large 3d structure made by a chain of amine acids
Why is the 3D shape of enzymes important?
The 3d shape has a fold that makes it an active site, that helps catalase the reactions
What is the denaturing of enzymes and why does it happen?
Denaturing is when the enzyme changes its shape due to a change in temperature or PH level. When this happens the substance cant fit into the active site.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.
What is active transport?
Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP.