A.2.2, .2.3 - ionic and molecular compounds

• IUPAC - international union of pure and applied chemistry

  • an organisation in charge of universal standardisation of naming
• Ionic compound - metal + nonmetal

  • transfer (gain/lose) electrons
  • metal + anions + ide
  • multi-valence - use roman numerals
• molecular compound - nonmetal + nonmetal

  • shares electrons
  • prefixes + ide
• Ionic compound properties

  • Crystal lattice
  • Solid at room temp
  • high melting point
  • solutions conduct
• molecular compound properties

  • No lattice, forms particles in fixed ratios
  • Ex. glucose
  • Solid liquid gas at room temp.,
  • low melting point
  • bad conductors
• Why ice floats on water

  • When cooled down, hydrogen bonds are able to form more organised structures than they are when they are constantly moving around
  • Since structures take up less space = less dense
• Solubility

  • Water is polar
  • oxygen - negative end
  • hydrogen - positive end
  • With ionic compounds, compounds has a positive and negative charge, so those charges get attracted to different ends of water, and rips apart (dissolves)
  • why ionic compounds are better at dissolving than molecular
• Prefixes

  1 - mono

  2 - di

  3 - tri

  4 - tetra

  5 - penta

  6 - hexa

  7 - hepta

  8 - octa

  9 - nona

  10 - deca