AC 2.1 twin studies

• What is the definition of monozygotic twins?

  Twins from one egg sharing 100% DNA
• What is the definition of dizygotic twins?

  Twins from two eggs sharing 50% DNA
• How do monozygotic twins differ from dizygotic twins in terms of genetic similarity?

  Monozygotic twins share 100% DNA, dizygotic share 50%
• What does the theory suggest about criminal behavior in relation to genetic inheritance?

  Criminal behavior might be inherited through genes
• How do the findings of Johannes Lange in 1929 contribute to the understanding of criminal twins?

  He studied 18 pairs of twins, noting criminal behavior
• What was the outcome of the study involving 1702 twins regarding criminal behavior?

  Two-thirds went to prison
• What conclusion can be drawn from the studies on criminal behavior in twins?

  Stronger links exist between criminal behavior and identical twins
• What does the evidence suggest about the influence of genetics on criminal behavior?

  Genetics may influence criminal behavior significantly
• What percentage of concordance was found in the study by Christian Senne in 1977?

  52% concordance rate in twin pairs
• How does the study by Matwin relate to the understanding of criminal behavior in twins?

  It showed a significant correlation in criminality
• What does the term "natural variation" refer to in the context of twin studies?

  It refers to naturally occurring differences in traits
• What is a key weakness identified in twin studies regarding criminal behavior?

  Non-corrected variability in samples
• What was the sample size in the study by Christian Senne in 1977?

  8536 twin pairs studied
• What does the term "concordance rate" mean in twin studies?

  It measures the likelihood of both twins exhibiting a trait
• How does the study of twins contribute to understanding the nature vs. nurture debate?

  It highlights the role of genetics in behavior
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of twin studies in criminal behavior research?

  Strengths:

  • Natural experiments
  • Biological relationships between twins
  • Insight into genetic influence

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Non-corrected variability
  • Sample size discrepancies
  • Potential environmental influences
• What conclusions can be drawn from the studies on twins and criminal behavior?

  • Stronger links in identical twins
  • Genetic factors may influence criminality
  • Environmental factors also play a role