Animals

• All tissues consists of cells embedded in an extracellular matrix, a mix of water, carbs, lipids and protein fibers.
• Epithelial tissues are tightly packed cells coat the body's internal & external surfaces to protect organs.
• Each epithelial tissue has a free (exposed) surface. The opposite side is anchored to a layer of extracellular matrix called a basement membrane.

  
• Cells of an epithelium are closely joined with little material between them
• Simple epithelial tissue is made up of a single layer of cells.
• Stratified epithelial tissues are made up of multiple layers of cells.
• Pseudostratified epithelial tissues are made up of single layered cells that look like it has multiple layers.
• Cuboidal = cubic shape
• Columnar = column shaped
• Squamous = flat shaped
• Simple squamous epithelial tissues allows substances to pass by diffusion and osmosis. For example, the lining of blood vessels, and the alveoli of lungs.
• Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue secretes and absorbs substances. For example, glands and lining of kidney tubules (urine process).
• Simple columnar epithelial tissue secretes and absorbs, but for larger areas. For example. the lining of digestive track (absorbs nutrients), bronchi of lungs (secretes mucus), and uterine tubes (nourishment of egg).
• Stratified squamous epithelial tissue protect areas subject to abrasion. For example, the layer of the skin.
• Pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue is for secretion. For example, the propelling of mucus or reproductive cells by ciliary action.
• Connective tissues join and connect organs together
• Connective tissues are scattered within the extracellular matrix
• Loose connective tissues holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissues to other organs.
• Loose connective tissues are found under the skin and between organs
• Loose connective tissues are loose protein gibers, collagen, and elastin
• Dense connective tissues connects muscle to muscle and bone to bone
• Dense connective tissues can be found in tendons and ligaments
• Dense connective tissues contain compact protein fibers, collagen, and elastin
• Adipose tissues stores fat for energy and insulation
• Adipose tissues can be found beneath the skin and between muscles
• Adipose tissues are fat cells in a minimal extracellular matrix
• Blood transports gases, hormones, wastes, and nutrients
• Blood is in a liquid matrix (plasma) and flows inside blood vessels
• Cartilage is a matrix of fine pure collagen fibers
• Cartilage provides flexible support and can be found in ears, joints, bond ends, and respiratory track
• Bones are in a matrix of collagen and minerals
• Bones provide firm support and can be found in animal skeletons
• Muscular tissues provide movement
• cells contract when electrically stimulated
• Muscular tissue attatches to soft tissue or the bone
• Skeletal muscle attaches to the bone and consists of unbranched, elongated cell with many nuclei and striations
• The skeletal muscle moves bones under voluntary control
• Cardiac muscle can be found in the walls of the heart and it is striated and consists of short branches, with each with one nucleus.
• The cardiac muscle contracts heart chambers involuntarily
• Smooth muscle is spindled shape, each with only 1 nucleus