Foreign affairs under T.Roosevelt

• what were Roosevelt’s aims?

  USA to become a world power - method for this = imperialism - impact = Panama Canal, control of Cuba, free trade with China & Japan, successful outcome in the Philippines.

  To keep order in the Western hemisphere - method = big stick diplomacy/ great white fleet - impact = Europe didn’t take over any territory in Americas sphere of influence.

  world peace - method = mediation - impact = mediated an end to the Russo- Japanese war and the Moroccan crisis - and won the Nobel Peace Prize.
• What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

  Extension of the Monroe Doctrine.

  It stated the nations of the Western Hemisphere were not open to colonisation by European powers.

  The great white fleet = circumnavigated the globe.
• What was the Platt Amendment 1903?

  An amendment to the Cuban constitution that granted the United States the right to intervene in Cuban affairs and establish naval bases.
• what was the Alaskan Boundary dispute 1903?

  Territorial dispute between the United States and Canada over the boundary of Alaska and Yukon.

  After the tough diplomatic negotiations, TR obtained a border settlement in favour of the US
• What was the Moroccan Crisis 1905?

  A diplomatic dispute between Germany and France (Britain supported France) over control of Morocco.

  TR convinced the British and French to meet with Germany and American delegations at an international conference at Spain.

  The subsequent act of Algeciras, Spain momentarily averted a European war
• What was the Russian Japanese war 1905?

  Conflict between Russia and Japan over territorial disputes in East Asia.

  TR achieved international prestige and ensured that Japan did not make significant territorial gains from military victory over Russia.

  the rise of Japan was being seen as a threat to American interests in the Pacific
• What was the Panama Canal?

  A man-made waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. - in 1903 the US decided to support the Panama revolt against Columbia.

  1903 = Panama proclaimed its independence and signed the Hay- Bunau- varilla treaty with the US.

  This gave the US total control over any future canal building.
• Why would the USA want to dig a link between the Atlantic and the Pacific?

  Trade = move ships from east to west quickly and save money = huge economic impact and geopolitically makes them the most powerful nation on Earth
• What success did Roosevelt have in foreign affairs?

  • America = dominant player on the world stage
  • won the war in the Philippines
  • Platt Amendment 1903
  • the Panama Canal = showcased superior American technology
  • allowed passage of the us navy (the navy grew) - more efficient and faster trade
  • Open door trade policy with China and Japan
  • mediations
• What failures did TR have in foreign affairs?

  • criticised for being an imperialist
  • TR encouraged and supported a revolution in Panama against the legitimate government of Columbia
  • human cost of Panama Canal
  • criticised for his arrogance in assuming police power in Latin America