Li et al (2013)

• Longitudinal study: A study that follows a group of people over time, to see how their lives change.
• Longitudinal study- a study that follows a group of people over time to see how their lives change.
• retrospective- looking back in time
• Li et al was a longitiudinal retrospective study
• The sample included 1364 families from 10 sample sites across North America.
• the aim of li et al was to investigate how daycare quality at difference stages affects child outcomes.
• It was concluded that High- quality care during first 24 months is important for memory development, but not as beneficial for academic skill development.
• It was concluded High-quality preschool care prepared children for scholastic achievement.
• The child outcomes investigated were Language, Cognition, Preacademic skills.
• The child outcomes investigated of Language used Vocabulary tests and Comprehension tests.
• The child outcome investigated of Cognition used Memory tests and Object recognition tests.
• The child outcomes investigated preacademic skills by using Letter word identification and problem solving tests.
• The daycare stages used were Infant-toddler (0-3) and Preschool (3-5).
• the four day care patterns investigated were Low quality (0-3) Low quality (3-5), Low quality (0-3) High quality (3-5), High quality (0-3) Low quality (3-5) and High quality (0-3) High quality (3-5).
• The results found that High-high children will have better outcomes than low-high children, for all areas maths, reading and language.
• Results found High-low children will begin preschool with better outcomes than low-low, but their advantage will be eliminated in low-quality preschool. High-low children were better at the start.
• overall, High-high children were best off with low-low are worst off.