Cell Cycle

• How do you calculate SA:V ratio?

  Divide the Surface Area by the Volume (Ex: 100:10)
• When calculating SA:V, the larger it is?

  The smaller the surface area to volume is
• When calculating SA:V the smaller something is?

  The larger the surface area to volume ratio is
• The larger something is?

  The less surface area it has relative to it's volume (why cells are small)
• How many does Sexual Reproduction need?

  Two
• How many does Asexual Reproduction need to reproduce?

  One
• What is Meiosis?

  A type of cell division where a single cell divides twice and produces 4 daughter cells
• What is Mitosis?

  A process of cell duplication (or reproduction) where one cell makes two genetically identical daughter cells
• What is a Haploid cell?

  A cell that contains only one set of chromosomes
• What is a Diploid cell?


  A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
• What is a Tetrad?

  2 Chromatids
• What is Crossing-Over?

  When chromatids cross over each other and swap places
• What is a gamete?

  A reproductive cell that fuses with another gamete during sexual reproduction
• What happens in the cell during Gap 1?

  The cell does normal functions and there’s cell growth
• What happens in the cell during the synthesis stage?

  It copies the DNA (DNA Replication)
• What happens in the cell during Gap 2?

  There is additional growth for the cell
• What happens in the cell during Prophase?

  The chromosomes condense and become visible, then the nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibers begin to form
• What happens in the cell during Metaphase?

  The chromosomes align in the middle
• What happens in the cell during Anaphase?

  The chromosomes are pulled apart then moved to opposite sides of the cell
• What happens in the cell during Telophase?

  The chromosomes uncoil to make chromatin and each newly formed cell makes a nucleus
• What happens in the cell during Cytokinesis?

  The formation of two daughter cells
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction when a cell divides and makes an exact copy of itself?

  Asexual reproduction
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction when two cells combine, merge genetic information, and make a new offspring?

  Sexual Reproduction
• is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction when 1 organism produces genetically identical offspring?

  Asexual reproduction
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction where it is the process through which damaged and dead cells are replaced?

  Neither
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction when Bacteria reproduce using only Mitosis?

  Asexual reproduction
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction are genetically identical to the parent?

  Both
• Is it Asexual or Sexual Reproduction when parent create genetically diverse/different offspring?

  Sexual reproduction
• When a cell divides and makes an exact copy of itself is?

  Mitosis
• The product of this division creates 4 cells with half the amount of DNA of this original is?

  Meiosis
• The product of this division creates 2 cells with the same amount of DNA as the original is?

  Mitosis
• The process through which damaged and dead cells are replaced is?

  Mitosis
• 1 Bacteria reproduces 2 identical clones is?

  Mitosis
• The daughter cells are haploid is?

  Meiosis
• The daughter cells are diploid is?

  Mitosis
• Formation of gametes is?

  Meiosis
• What is a centromere?

  The region where the 2 sister chromatids are held together
• What is a chromosome?

  A structure made up of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information in the form of genes
• What is a chromatid?

  One of the two new identical copies of DNA that make up a replicated chromosome
• Which phase in the cell cycle is the DNA duplicated?

  DNA Replication (Synthesis Stage)