PSAD

• Structural Engineering Construction involves the study of the behavior of structures under load.
• Actual displacement is measured by a seismometer.
• Center of rigidity is the point through which the resultant of the resistance to the applied lateral force acts.
• Center of mass is the point through which the applied seismic and vertical force acts.
• Column is a structural member with the ratio of its unsupported height to its least lateral dimension of not less than 3 and is used primarily to support axial load.
• Corbel is a short edge beam projecting from a column to support a weight.
• Creep is the phenomenon where a structure continues to deform until a sudden fracture occurs after being subjected to a load for a long period of time.
• Ductility refers to the ability of a material to deform in the plastic range without breaking.
• Elasticity refers to the property of a material which makes it return to its original dimension when the load is removed.
• Eccentricity is the distance between the center of rigidity and center of mass.
• Fatigue is the phenomenon where a structure is subjected to a cycle of stresses and causes the beam to have sudden ultimate structure.
• Focal depth describes the location of the earthquake besides the epicenter.
• Homogenous means the material has the same composition at every point but the elastic may not be the same in all directions.
• Hookes Law states that stress is proportional to the strain within the elastic region.
• Isotropic means the material has the same elastic properties in all directions.
• Kinetic Friction is a retarding force acting opposite in motion.
• Magnitude of earthquake is measured by the Richter scale.
• Young's Modulus is the constant of proportionality that defines the linear relationship between stress and strain.
• Resonance refers to the large amplitude vibration of an object or system when given impulses at its natural frequency.
• Story Drift is the displacement of one level relative to the level above or below.
• Torsional Shear Stress occurs when the center of mass and rigidity do not coincide.
• Resilience refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy in the elastic range.
• Static refers to the force generated by a body at rest.
• Pre tensioning is the process of stressing high strength steel wires before concrete hardens.
• Post tensioning is the process of stressing high strength steel after the concrete has been cast and has attained sufficient strength.
• Reciprocal of deflection refers to the rigidity of a structure.
• Soft Story is a building in which the lateral stiffness is less than 70 percent of the stiffness of the story above.
• Toughness refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy in the plastic range.
• Reciprocal of stiffness refers to flexibility of a structure.
• Resultant determines whether the body will be in equilibrium or will have a varying state of motion.
• Poisson's Ratio is the deformation of axially loaded members, the ratio of the lateral to the longitudinal strain is constant.
• Plasticity is a condition that when there is already a permanent deformation, it continues to deform when a minimal load is applied beyond the elastic.
• Yielding is when the material deforms considerably even with a slight increase in stress.
• Relaxation is the loss of stress that takes place with the passage of time as concrete is held at a constant strain.
• Orthotropic means the composite material exhibits elastic properties in one direction different from that of the other two.
• Point of inflection means point of zero moment. A point where a curve changes its curvature
• Structural Engineering and Construction include the branches of Statics and Dynamics.
• Statics is a branch of mechanics which studies the effects and distribution of forces of rigid bodies which are and remain at rest.
• Friction is a contact resistance by one body when the second body moves or tends to move past the first body.
• Strain energy is energy stored in a material due to its deformation.