elizabeth

• when did Elizabeth take the throne?

  1558
• when was the religious settlement passed?

  1559
• when was the act of supremacy passed?

  1559
• what was the act of supremacy?

  • declared Elizabeth as supreme governor
  • heresy laws repealed
• when was the act of uniformity passed?

  1559
• what was the act of uniformity?

  1. book of common prayer used in all churches
  2. all must attend church or pay a fine
  3. black rubric denying the presence of Christ at church
• how did Elizabeth get the settlement through parliament?

  catholic lords opposed it so she prorogued parliament and sent 2 bishops to the tower.
• What changes were made to pass the act of supremacy?

  supreme head changed to supreme governor to please Catholics
• what was outlined in the royal injunction?

  1. catholic practices banned
  2. images allowed in church
  3. monasteries dissolved
  4. clergy have to wear vestments
• what was the Vestiarian controversy?

  1565

  Puritan threat

  sampson refused to wear surplice

  Archbishop made concessions on the matter

  some still refused to wear it

  37 priests lost their jobs
• what was excommunication?

  pope called Elizabeth a heritc. 1570
• Puritan opposition

  Walter Strickland

  1571

  reform Book of Common Prayer

  banned from house of commons

  Elizabeth forced to allow him to return

  proposals disappeared
• Puritan Opposition

  Anthony Cope

  proposed Bill and Book in 1586

  proposal would have ended the authority of Bishops

  sent to the tower with 4 others

  wasn't popular with the rest of the MPs
• Ridolfi plot

  Catholic threat

  1571

  planned to free MQS and marry her to the Duke of Norfolk

  planned to assassinate Elizabeth

  Had the support of Spain
• opposition - Thomas Cartwright

  Puritan threat

  leading academic

  attacked the settlement

  academic freedom of speech was removed by the Queen
• Opposition - John Field and Thomas Wilcox

  puritan threat

  1572

  wrote puritan manifesto

  demanded the Queen eliminate the remaining Catholic elements in the church

  both were arrested and sent to jail
• who were the separatists?

  puritans who wanted their own church
• Northern Earl's rebellion

  1569

  Catholic uprising

  Northumberland and 4,500 men stormed a cathedral

  destroyed English bible

  rebels retreated when Essex and troops were marching north

  captured rebels executed

  Northumberland captured and executed
• Thockmorton plot

  1583

  organised plan for French army to invade and replace Elizabeth with MQS

  Paid for by Phillip II of Spain and the pope

  Walsinghams spies uncovered the plot
• Babington plot

  1586

  planned to rescue MQS and murder Elizabeth

  letters between plotters and MQS were discovered by walsingham

  lead to the execution of MQS
• MQS execution?

  1587

  not approved by Elizabeth
• when was the Spanish Armada?

  1588
• 1571 treason act

  treason to deny Elizabeth as queen
• Bond of Association

  1584

  anyone associated with plots against Elizabeth was executed
• cecil vs earl of essex

  1601

  essex returned from command of Queens army without permission

  essex wanted to live up to his stepdad Dudley

  cecil wanted to live up to his dad William Cecil

  this caused rivalry to be most influential

  essex was convinced that cecil was plotting against him

  Essex banned from house by Elizabeth

  Essex launched a revolt
• William Cecil vs Earl of Leicester

  late 1560s

  Leicester ambitious to marry Elizabeth

  Cecil was against this

  Elizabeth ended the feud by declaring she would not marry Leicester
• Sussex vs Leicester

  1566

  Essex accused Leicester of killing his wife

  parties started to wear their own colours

  Elizabeth forced the pair to ride though London together
• who was William Cecil?

  moderate protestant, very close to the Queen, secretary of state, helped draft religious settlement 1559
• monopolies

  • Mps didn't like them
  • they were given out to reward loyalty
  • 1601 list was read out
  • Elizabeth forced to get rid of 12
  • gave a speech
• who was wentworth?

  argued that they should have free speech in parliament in 1576, his own peers sent him to the tower
• how much was the debt left by Mary?

  £227,000
• what were the 3 financial problems in 1558?

  debasement of coinage

  cost of war and loans

  privileges of importers of goods.
• what was the tax collection system?

  it was self declaration people lied about their annual income and Elizabeth allowed the nobles she liked to keep money from tax collection
• how did Elizabeth reduce royal expenditure?

  ended war with france

  froze official salaries

  didn't build new palaces

  avoided getting involved in conflicts

  reduced the size of the royal household
• what was the Marian book of rates?

  determined level at which custom duties were charged

  Winchester updated national tax records

  used throughout Elizabeth's reign

  She did not update it from what it was during Mary's reign, meaning she wasn't getting as much money from it
• What was done to combat inflation?

  re-coinage - 1561 all old coins had been recalled and only new ones were in circulation

  a maximum price was put on all goods.
• how did war affect finances?

  £3.76 million was needed in the war with Spain

  war encouraged the use of monopolies which became unpopular

  Elizabeth had to sell crown lands

  forced loans taken from the rich

  Elizabeth granted multiple subsidies from parliament
• What was Purveyance?

  this was the crowns right to buy goods at less than market price

  only meant to be used during war

  Elizabeth used them before this

  in 1585 they were used on a much larger scale and put people out of business
• East India Company

  1. 1600
  2. By 19th century it controlled most of the Indian subcontinent
  3. Most successful venture in Elizabethan era
  4. lay foundations for British empire in India
• Levant Company

  1. 1580
  2. routes to Turkey and Venice
  3. imported silks, spices and currents
  4. traded with Turkish empire
  5. given the royal charter
  6. Profits up 300%
  7. ships suffered attacks from pirates