Chapter 1

• Word Analysis Rule 1: To define a medical term, read the meaning of the medical term starting from the suffix back to the beginning of the term and across
• Word Analysis Rule 2: Drop the combining vowel before a suffix that begins with a vowel
• Word Analysis Rule 3: Keep the combining vowel between 2 root words even if the second root word begins with a vowel.
• A slash is used when separating a word into component parts and combining forms
• A dash is used before a suffix or after a prefix when writing them as stand alone words
• Root: foundation of a term
• Suffix: word ending
• Prefix: word beginning
• Combining vowel (cv): vowel (usually "o") that links the root to the suffix or the root to another root
• Combining form: combination of the root and combining vowel (needs slashes)
• Combining form = root / combining vowel
• What part of cardio is the root and combining vowel?

  Root: cardi

  Combining Vowel: o
• Break this term into the component parts: epigastric

  epi/gastr/ic
• Break this term into its component parts: hypogastric

  hypo/gastr/ic
• Define hypo-

  Hypo-: below
• Define epi-

  Epi-: above
• Define inter-

  Inter-: between
• Define -ic

  -ic: pertaining to
• Define -ism

  -ism: process, condition
• Define -somes

  -somes: bodies
• What is the approved abbreviation for inflammation of?

  inflam. of
• What is the approved abbreviation for pertaining to?

  pert. to
• What is the approved abbreviation for visual examination of?

  visual exam. of
• What is the approved abbreviation for combining vowel?

  cv
• Label the following diagram.

  A) Anterior (ventral)

  B) Posterior (dorsal)

  C) Deep

  D) Superficial

  E) Proximal

  F) Distal

  G) Inferior

  H) Superior

  I) Medial

  J) Lateral

  K) Supine

  L) Prone

  
• Label the following diagram.

  A) Frontal (coronal) plane

  B) Sagittal (lateral) plane

  C) Transverse (axial) plane

  
• Anterior (ventral): front side of the body
• Posterior (dorsal): back side of the body
• Deep: away from the surface of the body
• Superficial: on the surface of the body
• Proximal: near point of attachment to the trunk
• Distal: far from the point of attachment to the trunk
• Inferior: below another structure
• Superior: above another structure
• Medial: pertaining to the middle or near to the medial plane of the body
• Lateral: pertaining to the side of the body away from the medial plane of the body
• Supine: lying on the back
• Prone: lying on the stomach
• Frontal (coronal) Plane: vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
• Sagittal (lateral) Plane: lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides