Properties of ionic compounds

• What are the components that make up the sodium chloride compound?

  • Sodium atom (Na)
  • Chlorine atom (Cl)
  • Sodium ion (Na+)
  • Chloride ion (Cl-)
• Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of an ionic compound.

  True
• What happens when metals give up electrons to non-metals in the formation of ionic compounds?

  Ions are formed
• Match the element with its charge in sodium chloride:

  Sodium (Na) ↔️ +1

  Chlorine (Cl) ↔️ -1
• Match the ion with its charge:

  Na+ ↔️ Positive

  Cl- ↔️ Negative
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

  Strong ionic bonds
• What is the arrangement of Na+ and Cl- ions in NaCl?

  3D cubic
• What is the chemical formula for sodium chloride compound?

  NaCl
• What type of bond is formed between the sodium and chlorine atoms in sodium chloride?

  Ionic bond
• How does the number of protons and electrons differ between the sodium atom and the sodium ion?

  The sodium atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons, while the sodium ion has 11 protons and 10 electrons
• In image B, what do the clustered white and brown spheres represent?

  A solid
• What are the key differences between the sodium atom, chlorine atom, sodium ion, and chloride ion shown in the image?

  • Sodium atom (Na): Neutral, with 11 protons and 11 electrons
  • Chlorine atom (Cl): Neutral, with 17 protons and 17 electrons
  • Sodium ion (Na+): Positively charged, with 11 protons and 10 electrons
  • Chloride ion (Cl-): Negatively charged, with 17 protons and 18 electrons
• What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

  Cl
• If you wanted to observe the detailed structure of this crystal lattice, which type of microscope would you use?

  Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
• How are the sodium and chlorine atoms arranged in the sodium chloride compound?

  The sodium and chlorine atoms are arranged in an ionic bond, with the sodium atom donating an electron to the chlorine atom to form a sodium cation (Na+) and a chloride anion (Cl-).
• Atoms with opposite charges are held together by electrostatic attraction in ionic bonds.

  True
• How many electrons does the chloride ion (Cl-) have?

  18 electrons
• In image A, what does the presence of water molecules indicate?

  Pure water
• What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

  Na
• What process leads to the formation of an ionic bond?

  Electron transfer
• In image B, why does the bulb not light up?

  There are no free ions
• How many electrons does the sodium ion (Na+) have?

  10 electrons
• Why do the ions in a compound form a crystal lattice structure?

  The ions are arranged in a lattice structure due to their ionic bonding
• What is the name of the crystal lattice structure shown in the image?

  Sodium chloride lattice structure
• How are the chloride and sodium ions arranged in the crystal lattice structure?

  • The chloride and sodium ions are arranged in an alternating pattern
  • The chloride ions are surrounded by sodium ions, and vice versa
  • This arrangement maximizes the ionic bonding between the oppositely charged ions
• What is 'C' in the image?

  Ionic solution
• Ionic bonds are formed between oppositely charged ions.

  True
• Based on the images, which substance conducts electricity?

  Ionic solution
• What are the main components of the crystal lattice structure shown?

  • Chloride ions (Cl-)
  • Sodium ions (Na+)
  • Ionic bonds between the ions
• What ions are formed when sodium donates its outer electron to chlorine?

  Na+ and Cl-
• In image C, why does the bulb light up?

  Because of moving ions
• What do the arrows in image C indicate?

  Ion movement
• Ionic bonds require a lot of thermal energy to break.

  True
• What are the charged particles shown in image C?

  Ions
• What conditions are necessary for a solution to conduct electricity?

  • Presence of ions
  • Ions must be free to move
  • A voltage source
• In terms of conductivity, how does a solid differ from an ionic solution?

  Solutions have mobile ions
• What is 'B' in the image?

  Solid
• What is the role of the electrodes in the experiment?

  They conduct electricity
• How does dissolving an ionic compound affect the conductivity of water?

  • Increases conductivity
  • Creates free moving ions
  • Allows current to flow
• What is 'A' in the image?

  Pure water