Solid lattices

• Giant metallic lattice properties:

  • high melting and boiling temperatures
  • good electrical conductivity
  • good thermal conductivity
  • malleability
  • ductility
• metallic lattices are composed of regular arrangement of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised ions
• Giant ionic lattices are made of a regular arrangement of positive and negative ions
• Giant ionic lattice properties:

  • fairly high melting temperatures
  • brittleness
  • poor electrical conductivity when solid but good when molten
  • often soluble in water
• Giant covalent networks consist of a giant network of atoms linked to each other by covalent bonds
• Most common giant covalent lattices:

  • diamond
  • graphite
  • graphene
  • silicon (IV) dioxide
• Molecular solids:

  • have low melting and boiling points
  • only necessary to break the intermolecular forces