Childhood

• Childhood Childhood disappearing

  Postman

  childhood is disappearing - worry over the sexualisation of children
• Childhood Toxic Childhood

  Palmer

  childhood now toxic - concern over negative influences in technology
• Childhood 'mini adults'

  Aries

  Children in the past seen as mini adults but now childhood is a separate stage
• Childhood evidence for 'mini adults'

  Berger

  supported Aries - no children in the past but mini adults instead - the nature of dress and mannerism
• Childhood criticism of 'mini adults'

  Hendrick

  argues in the UK rich children had a childhood only the wc didn't
• Childhood Contributors and Consumers

  Hood Williams

  believe that childhood has removed children from being productive contributors to consumers
• Childhood providing Stability and identity

  Jenks

  Children provide stability and identity for children and so adults become preoccupied with protecting them from perceived dangers such as child abuse
• Childhood decline in infant mortality

  Gittens

  a decline in infant mortality and birth rate after WW2 meant parents invested more in their children as they knew they'd survive
• Childhood Democracy of emotions

  Giddens

  relations between parent and children has become more equal and is based on friendship and democracy
• Childhood infant mortality

  Howard

  found infant mortality rates to higher for the wc
• Childhood Personal life perspective

  Smart

  approach focuses on the view of the child and their experience

  e.g children's role in divorce
• Childhood control of children

  Holmes

  found that Samoan children were never too young to do anything
• Childhood Age patriarchy

  Gittens

  used this term to describe inequalities between adults and children and child dependency.

  this power asserts itself in terms of violence against children
• Childhood Resistance

  Hockley and Jones

  Age patriarchy in reference to strategy's children use to resist their status as a child.

  swearing, smoking etc