Femoral Triangle

• Lumbar Plexus

  
• Pelvis-Lower Limb Transition

  Sciatic and gluteal nerves and vessels via greater sciatic foramen

  Femoral nerve and vessels via subinguinal space

  Obturator nerve and vessels via obturator canal

  
• Femoral and Obturator Nerves

  •Femoral nerve

  –Posterior divisions L2, 3, 4

  –Anterior Thigh

  •Obturator nerve

  –Anterior divisions L2, 3, 4

  –Medial Thigh

  
• Sciatic nerve

  •Lumbosacral trunk

  –L4, 5 

  •Sacral nerves

  –S1, 2, 3

  –Posterior thigh

  –Branches supply Leg and Foot

  
• Superficial Structures

  •Superficial veins

  •Superficial lymph nodes

  •Cutaneous nerves

  •Deep Fascia
• Superficial Veins

  
• Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes

  •Horizontal Group

  -Medial nodes drain Ant. Abdominal wall + lower half Anal Canal

  -Lateral nodes drain Post. Abdominal wall

  •Vertical Group

  -Drain superficial lower limb

  
• Cutaneous Nerves

  Femoral branch of Genitofemoral (L1, L2)

  Ilioinguinal (L1)

  Cutaneous branch of Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

  Lateral Cutaneous branch of T12

  Lateral Cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2, L3)

  Anterior Cutaneous branches of  Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

  
• Deep Fascia of Lower Limb

  •Fasciae Latae is thickened laterally to form the Iliotibial Tract

  –Iliac tubercle → Anterolateral tibial tubercle

  –Helps support the femur on the tibia when standing

  
• Femoral Triangle

  •Triangular shape on the upper anterior thigh

  •Roof = Fasciae Latae, Cribriform fascia, subcutaneous tissue, skin

  •Saphenous Hiatus

  –Cribriform fascia

  –Great Saphenous vein drains to Femoral vein

  
• Boundaries

  •Inguinal Ligament (base)

  •Sartorius (laterally)

  •Adductor Longus (medially)

  
• Floor

  •Iliopsoas

  •Pectineus

  
• Contents

  From Lateral to Medial: NAVL (nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics)

  
• Femoral Sheath

  Fascia surrounding vascular structures

  •Transversalis and Iliopsoas fascia

  •Adventitia of femoral vessels

  
• Femoral Canal

  •Potential space medially within femoral sheath

  •Contains fat and lymphatics