Unit 2

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    gritha

    Cards (194)

    • What is mitosis?
      Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
    • Identify which phase it is in the mitosis cycle.
      Interphase- cell spends 90 percent of its time here and chromosomes duplicate
      Prophase- Spindle fibers start to form
      Metaphase- Spindle fibers bring chromosomes to the center
      Anaphase- The copies have been separated and then stretched apart
      Telophase - A membrane nuclei forms
      Cytokinesis - surface membrane forms and separates the cells.
    • What are the visible chromosomes called in the mitosis cell cycle?
      Chromatin condensation
    • What is another name for asexual reproduction?
      Binary fissun
    • What is a benign tumour?
      Non-cancerous growth.
    • What is a malignant tumor.?
      They are fast and invasive cancers that take over your tissues
    • What is the biology definition of growth?
      Increase in size or number of cells.
    • How can the growth of a baby be measured?
      Height and weight measurements, as well as head circumference,
    • Problems with the baby include and result in?
      too much weight = obseity
      Too less weight = digestion problems
      No height = hormonal problems
    • Why do cells differentiate?
      so that they can specialize in a certain task and then they can perform it well.
    • State the zones of a root hair cell.
      Zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of differentiation
    • What is the measurement of growth?
      FINAL VALUE - STARTING VALUE
      ----------------------------- X 100
      STARTING VALUE
    • What are stem cells?
      Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to develop into different types of specialized cells in the body.
    • What are embryonic stem cells?
      They are cells from an embryo that can differentiate into any cell.
    • What are adult stem cells?
      They can only specialize into the cells of the tissue that is around them and during transplant they have a higher chance of getting rejected.
    • After how many weeks of differentiation is the brain formed?
      3 weeks
    • What is the cerebral cortex ?
      It is the outer layer of the brain that divides into 2 parts. Left controlling right and right controlling left. It takes over 80% of the brain. The main functions are - senses
      - language
      - memory
      - behavior
      - consciousness
    • What does the hippocampus do?
      Memory processing
    • What does the hypothalamus do?
      4 f's and tempreture
      food
      fleet
      fight
      mate
    • What does the cerebrum do?

      Base of the brain
      functions - balance
      - posture
      - timing
      - fine control ofmuscles
      - smooth movement
    • What does Medulla do?
      Controls vital bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate.
    • What are MRI scans?
      Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans. They ask patient to do stuff and then they see stimulation
    • What is CT scan?
      Computed Tomography (CT) scan is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer processing to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
    • What is a PET scan?
      A tracer is ingested by patient and goes to stimulated part to detect cancer
    • Damage to the spinal cord?
      Paralysis and no control over the body.
      Stem cells cant differentiate into neurons so if damaged too bad
    • How do you treat brain tumors?
      The Tumors crush parts of the brain leading in damage.
    • Why is chemo bad?
      As it injects drugs and your body may reject it or your cells may get further damaged.
    • What is the central nervous system made of?
      The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
    • What does stimulus mean?
      A stimulus is something that causes a response or reaction in an organism or system.
    • What is an effecter?
      An effector is a muscle or gland that responds to signals from the nervous system.
    • Describe the sensory neuron?
      It takes information from the body that has detected the stimuli to the central nervous system via the spinal cord
    • What are relay neurons?
      They are in the spinal cord and they help transfer information between the Central Nervous System
    • What is the motor neuron?
      The motor neuron takes information away from the Central nervous system and towards the effectors.
    • What is the myelin sheath?
      Insulating layer around nerve fibers to stop short circuits
    • What do dendrites do?
      They bring information to the neuron
    • What does the axon do?
      It takes information away from the central nervous sustem.
    • What is the reflex arc?
      stimuli, sensory receptor, spinal cord, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron, effector
    • What is a synapse?
      A synapse is a junction between two nerve cells where information is transmitted.
    • What is the role of the cones in the eye?
      Color vision.
    • What is the role of rods in eyes?
      Vision in low light conditions.
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