FAI
Cards (8)
- FAI – Femoro-acetabular impingement syndrome:
- Motion related clinical disorder of the hip with a triad of symptoms, clinical findings and imaging. Premature contact of the acetabulum and proximal femur
- “Syndrome” = A set of medical signs and symptoms correlated with each other and associated with a particular disorder
- FAI – Symptoms:
- Can be asymptomatic
- Inner hip / groin pain after walking or prolonged sitting e.g. driving
- Clicking, locking, catching sensation at hip with movement
- Pain with hip flexion involvement e.g: Uphill walking, donning shoes and socks
- Pain can refer to sacroiliac joint and posterior hip
- FAI – Who is at risk?
- High level athletes
- CAM: Young male athletes ~ 20 years old
- Pincer: Athletic women in 30 - 40
- Sports involving hip flexion: Martial arts, ballet, cycling, rowing, football, power lifting
- FAI – Objective findings:
- Pain on FADIR (Flexion – Adduction – Internal rotation)
- Reduced hip ROM, particularly internal rotation (Active / passive)
- Quadrant testing pain
- MR Arthrography to identify CAM or Pincer
- FAI – Aim of physio
- Symptom control / pain management
- Global hip strengthening of adjacent muscle groups: Abductors, adductors, extensors
- Sport modification to allow pain free hip squatting, lunging
- Improve neuromuscular control and stability
- Improve functional patterns / training
- Set pain limits
- FAI Management:
- Informed decision making with all treatment options discussed
- “Conservative care” not specific but can include: lifestyle and activity modification, education, intra-articular steroid injection
- Manual therapy to complement exercise therapy
- FAI Management - Surgery
- Can be done to improve hip morphology if severe
- Reduced outcomes for ages younger than 40 with no OA or soft tissue damage
- No evidence for prophylactic surgery
- FAI Management - Prognosis
- Patients can improve and return to full activity with treatment
- FAI likely to worsen with no treatment