sci

• enumerate vsrv

  A) Vulcano

  B) Vulcan

  C) Sicily

  D) Roman God Of Fire

  
• GEOMORPHOLOGY

  • The study of bathymetric and topographic origins produced byphysical, chemical, or biological processes
• The study of relief features of the Earths crust is known as GEOMORPHOLOGY
• DIASTROPHISM

  EROSION

  VOLCANISM - are the 3 primary geologic forces that constantly alter the planets surface.
• DIASTROPHISM - The vertical and horizontal movement of the crust that results in mountains

  Diastrophic processes occur at tectonic plate boundaries, impacting the way that continents and oceans are distributed.
• VULCANISM - also known as volcanicity refers to a varietyof natural processes including volcanoes, geysers,fumaroles, and hot springs, that release magma or hotwater and steam onto the surface. All of theseprocesses are fueled by the underground's powerfulheat source.
• VULCANISM - refers to a variety of processes associated with the surface discharge of magma or hot water and steams, such as volcanoes, geysers, fumaroles, and hot spring. all these processes are fueled by the underground's powerful heat source
• GEYSER

  A surface vent that periodically ejects a column of hot water and steam.

  The groundwater beneath the shallow surface is heated until it explodes into boiling water and steam, then it refills its plumbing system with fresh water creating a cycle that can be observed regularly, such as every few minutes or hours.
• FUMAROLE - A geothermic vent that emits volcanic gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide.

  They are fed by conduits that pass through the water table before reaching the ground’s surface.
• EROSION

  The physical removal of rock or the wearing down oflandmasses by geomorphic agents such as runningwater, glacial ice, and the wind referred to as erosion.
• Internal pressure can cause diastrophism, whereas forces outside theEarth’s crust can cause erosion (exogenous force).
• WEATHERING - is the process by which rocks and other materials that are exposed to Earth’s surface come into contact with the atmosphere decompose.
• WEATHERING

  breaking down of rocks and minerals EROSION

  the transport of rocks and soil by wind, water, and other agents
• The Pacific Ring of Fire or Circle of Fire, is the belt of volcanoes that rings the Pacific Ocean. Horseshoe-shaped zone encircling the Pacific Ocean basin, known for high seismic and volcanic activity.
• In the 1940s and 1950s, geologists conducted a groundbreaking studyon the formation and growth of the Paricutin volcano near San Juan,Mexico. The volcano originated as a small crack emitting steam with avolcanic sulfur odor, leading to a series of explosions starting onFebruary 20, 1943. Paricutin rapidly grew to a height of 1,391 feet (424meters) within a year, covering nearby villages and farmland with lavaand ash during its eruption.
• Paricutin is considered an extinct volcano, as there have been no further eruptions since 1952. The remnants of the volcano and the buried village can still be visited today, attracting tourists and researchers.
• enumerate the given questions

  A) cone

  B) vent

  C) magma chamber

  D) crater

  
• enumerate the given questions

  A) dike

  B) lava

  C) 700

  D) sill

  E) conduit

  
• enumerate again

  A) summit

  B) throat

  C) ash cloud

  
• enumerate cpvt

  A) caldera

  B) pyroclastric flow

  C) volcanic bombs

  D) tephra fall

  
• enumerate all

  A) ash cloud

  B) summit

  C) throat

  D) lahar

  E) vent

  F) crater

  G) sill

  H) dike

  I) magma chamber

  J) lava

  K) conduit

  L) flank

  M) cone

  
• Subduction is reliant on the planes that make up the mantle's upper layer.
• When subduction occurs, the plates drift atop a thick layer of a molten pyroclastic rocks.
• As the plates drift, one edge of the plate slips beneath the edge of another, creating a hole through which materials from the Earth's crust slips.
• This method of subduction is often observed on the seafloor, taking millions of seawater in it.
• As the seawater slips between the tectonic plates, it boils into steam and finally creates a pathway of high pressure for the pyrolytic rock or magma to be released into Earth's surface and atmosphere.
• Formation by distension is caused by a hotspot near earths outer core.
• A Hotspot is a region of high volcanic activity not located at any plate boundary.
• There are two hypothesis used to explain hotspots.
• The first hypothesis states that hotspots are due to heat from the core-mantle boundary.
• The second hypothesis suggests that instead of high temperature, it is the lithospheric extension that permits the passive rising of liquid materials from shallow depths.
• The best example of hotspot volcanism is the Hawaii archipelago in the North Pacific Ocean.
• Volcanes are formed when magma accumulates in the mountains on Earth's surface. Magma is contained inside a chamber located inside the mantle. High temperature and increased gas pressure keep on helping magma to form either in the upper crust of the mantle or atthe base of the crust . When formed a volcano undergoes several stages.
• A young volcano is characterized by numerousand threatening eruptions due to a very activegeologic process inside the mantle.

  A volcano is said to be active if it is currently erupting or shows signs of unrest activities such as a significant amount of gas emission or frequent seismic activities.
• The most active volcano in the world can be found in Hawaii . Itis named Kilauea and it has been erupting continuously since 1983.

  It is Hawaii's youngest volcano and it sits atop theHawaii hotspot in the central pacific ocean.
• After a volcano has finished erupting materials, itundergoes the fumarolic stage which is characterized bythe emission of acid gases and vapor . After this phase, hot spring may arise from the volcano.
• Volcanoes reach their dormancy because the Earth's plates are continuosly moving above volcanic hostpots. Every time the hotspot reaches the surface, a new volcano is created. Meanwhile, the tectonic plate continues to shift above and the volcano eventually shuts off from the magma chamber at the mantle . The magma finds a new source and creates a new active volcano leaving the old ones in their non erupting dormant stage.
• When volcanoes exceeded a period of dormancy of atleast 10,000 years and are not expected to erupt, they areclashed as extinct volcano.

  These volcanoes were cut off from their lava supply,hence losing their ability to expel materials to theEarth's surface. Examples of this type are the

  Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and MT. Warning in Australia.
• CINDER CONES

  The simplest type of volcano is the cinder cone (also known as the Scoria cone ).

  It's a sharp conical hill constructed atop a vent, largely made of basalt. They're made up of gas-charged lava particles and blobs expelled from a single vent. The lava breaks into small bits, hardens, and falls as cinders surround the vent as it's thrown furiously into the atmosphere.
• IDENTIFY

  A) LAHAR