Bio ! :)

• Mentalism, created by Aristotle, is the oldest historical perspective on brain and behaviour, stating that the mind, soul, or psyche is responsible for all intellectual function and all the thinking, with no mention of a role for the brain.
• In Western European Christian adaptations, the non-material psyche morphed and became the mind or the soul that is independent of the body and can exist after death.
• According to mentalism, if the psyche leaves the body, then the person would die.
• according to Aristotle, the brain existed to cool blood. This aligns with his theory of mentalism.
• The pineal gland moves fluid (cerebral spinal fluid) around, which goes down from ventricles to the muscles and the tubes expand, muscles expand and then you move.
• The difficulty of explaining the mind-body relationship is referred to as the mind body problem.
• According to Descartes, the pineal gland moves fluid (cerebral spinal fluid) around, which goes down from ventricles to the muscles and the tubes expand, muscles expand and then your body moves.
• According to Descartes, behaviour is controlled by the mind which moves the pineal gland using fluid. Some behaviour is controlled by the body, demonstrating that the mind is separate from the body, a concept referred to as dualism.
• From Descartes research, the difficulty of explaining how a non material entity (the mind) can influence a material entity (the body)is called the mind-body problem.
• Materialists don't want to hear about minds and souls, they say that the brain and the nervous system causes behaviour.
• Alfred Wallace and Charles Darwin stated that all living things are related to each other in some way.
• Darwin's theory of Natural Selection explains how new species evolve and how existing species change over time
• Darwin stated that species that are the most fit (have the qualities to survive their environment) are more likely to produce offspring. This is known as Survival of the Fittest
• The conclusions of materialism is that all animal brains are related and all animal behaviour is related
• Mendel observed through growing pea flowers that traits from a previous generation is passed onto the next. He referred to them as heritable factors, which we now call genes
• Mendel's observations were important because he learned that one gene can dominate another. One can be dominant and one can be recessive.
• when Mendel crossed white pea flowers with purple pea flowers, the next generation consisted of only purple flowers
• When Mendel crossed the second generation purple flowers with each other, on average, the next generation consisted of 3 purple flowers and one white flower
• The brain has two main functions: to make movement happen and regulate insides
• The bumps in your brain are called Gyri
• The cracks in your brain are called Sulci
• The birds eye view of a brain or top view is called a dorsal view
• The bottom view of your brain, as if someone was standing below your neck, is called a ventral view
• The side view of the brain is called the lateral view
• When you see the brain sliced down the centre, this is called a medial view
• Brain Terminology: front and back are called Anterior and Posterior
• Brain Terminology: the beak and tail are called rostral and caudal
• Brain Terminology: back and belly is called dorsal ventral. In the brain, they can be referred to also as above and below
• Brain Terminology: above and below are called superior and inferior
• Brain Terminology: side/middle is called lateral and medial
• Brain Slices: a vertical slice from top of the head to the bottom is called a coronal section

  
• Brain Slices: a slice of the brain from front to back is called a horizontal section

  
• Brain Slices: a view from the side, a cut through the middle is called a Sagittal Section

  
• Cerebral Geography: The Temperal lobe is associated with healing and language
• Cerebral Geography: the frontal lobe is associated with decision making, planning and movement
• Cerebral Geography: The Parietal lobe is associated with directing movement towards something (eg. like grasping an object)
• Cerebral Geography: The occipital lobe is associated with vision only
• The Cerebral Cortex is the thin outer 'bark' layer of the brain
• Three major arteries send blood to the cerebrum — the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries
• the diencephalon is found at the top of the brainstem