sosci q2

• Legislative power deals with the making, deliberation over, enactment, amendment and repealing of laws.
• The Legislative Branch refers to the statutes which are the written enactments of the legislature governing the relations of the people among themselves or between them and the government and its agencies.
• The Philippine Congress is the country’s legislative department (Art VI, Sec 1) and is bicameral with the House of Representatives and the Senate as its chambers/houses.
• The qualifications for Senate of the Philippines are: natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old on election day, literate, registered voter, Philippine resident for 2 years prior to election day.
• The composition and term of office for the Senate of the Philippines are: 24 Senators elected at large, 6 years maximum: 2 terms.
• The qualifications for House of Representatives of the Philippines are: natural-born citizen, at least 25 years old on election day, literate, registered voter of the district, district resident for 1 year prior to election day, 3 years maximum: 3 terms.
• The party list system is a mechanism of proportional representation in the election of representatives to the House of Representatives from national, regional and sectoral parties or organizations or coalitions thereof registered with the Commission on Elections (COMELEC).
• The qualifications for partylist representative are: natural-born citizen of the Philippines, registered voter, resident of the Philippines for a period of not less than one (1) year immediately preceding the election day, able to read and write, bona fide member of the party he seeks to represent for at least ninety (90) days preceding the election day, nominee shall come from a disadvantage group of citizens which are organized and duly registered to the COMELEC, and at least twenty-five (25) years of age on the Election Day.
• Party list representatives are considered elected members of the lower chamber, and as such, enjoy the same rights, salaries, and emoluments as regular members of the House.
• In case of vacancy arising in the Senate at least 18 months or in the House of Representatives at least one year before the next regular election for members of Congress, the COMELEC upon receipt of certification of vacancy, shall call for special election.
• RA 6645 provides for “An Act Prescribing the Manner of Filling A Vacancy in the Congress of the Philippines”.
• The Senator or Member of the House of Representatives thus elected will serve only for the unexpired term.
• The election shall not be earlier than 45 days nor later than 90 days from the date of such resolution.
• An Electoral Tribunal, through a resolution, may disqualify a member of Congress in election contest.
• Members of Congress have the power to break a knot in case when there is a tie for the position of President of the Republic.
• Members of Congress have the power to tax and levy impositions.
• Members of Congress have the power to provide for the rules of presidential succession should the speaker of the House fails to qualify.
• The Senate Electoral Tribunal (SET) is an electoral tribunal that decides election protests in the Senate of the Philippines.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the compensation of the members of Congress.
• Members of Congress have the power to investigate in aid of legislation.
• Members of Congress have the power to cancel or extend Martial Law.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the compensation of the members of the scientific force.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the disability of the President and the Vice-President.
• The House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal consists of six representatives and three justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines, who are designated by the Chief Justice.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the compensation of the members of the judiciary.
• The Presidential Electoral Tribunal is composed of justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
• A bill may be vetoed by the President.
• A bill is a law in the making that passes into law when it is approved by both houses and the President of the Philippines.
• Members of Congress have the power to grant the President emergency powers in times of war and national distress.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the compensation of the members of the educational, commercial, and military force.
• The equivalent tribunals for elections to the lower house is the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal.
• The Presidential Electoral Tribunal is an electoral tribunal that decides election protests involving the election of the President of the Philippines and Vice President of the Philippines.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine or apportion seats of Legislative districts.
• Members of Congress have the power to determine the compensation of the President, Vice-President, and other officials.
• Members of Congress have the power to approve the annual budget of the government as prepared by the Executive.
• Presidential Action: Transmital of bill to President for his action.
• Law: Take effect after 15 days following the completion of their publication in the Official Gazette or newspaper.
• President: Approves bill if no action within 30 days of receipt, bill lapses into law.
• President: Vetoes bill and returns it to originating house with explanation.
• Overide veto by 2/3 votes of both houses.