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GCSE Geography
climate change P1
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Cards (31)
What is the distinction between global warming and climate change, according to the text?
Climate change is a
long-term
change, global warming is a
sharp rise
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How far back does the Quaternary period span?
About
2.6 million years ago
to now
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What was Earth like before the Quaternary period's glacial period?
Much
warmer
and more stable
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How long did the cold glacial period last?
100,000 years
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What are the key sources of evidence for understanding past climate change?
Ice and sediment cores
Tree rings
Pollen analysis
Temperature records
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How are ice cores formed in ice sheets?
One layer of ice is formed every
year
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What information can scientists gather from analyzing gases trapped in ice core layers?
The
temperature
of each year
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What information can scientists infer from the thickness of tree rings?
What the past
climate
was like
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For how long are tree rings a reliable source of evidence?
One hundred thousand
years
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How does pollen analysis help in understanding past climates?
By
identifying
and
dating
preserved pollen
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Since when have global temperatures been measured accurately?
Since the
1850s
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How do scientists use preserved pollen to infer past climates?
Compare
the climate to similar plants today
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How can historical records extend the record of climate change?
Through
harvest states
or newspaper weather reports
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What are the natural causes of climate change?
Orbital change
Volcanic activity
Solar output
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How does orbital change affect Earth's temperature?
It affects
solar radiation
the earth receives
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How do volcanic eruptions lead to cooling of the Earth's surface?
Particles
reflect the
sun's rays
to space
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How long is the solar cycle described in the text?
About
11 years
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What are the main human causes of climate change mentioned in the text?
Burning fossil fuels
Farming livestock
Deforestation
Cement production
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How does burning fossil fuels contribute to climate change?
It releases
carbon dioxide
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What gas is produced by farming livestock that contributes to global warming?
Methane
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How does deforestation contribute to climate change?
Plants stop taking in
carbon dioxide
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How does cement production contribute to climate change?
Limestone releases
carbon dioxide
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What are the two main strategies for managing climate change?
Mitigation
Adaptation
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What does mitigation include?
Carbon capture
or planting
trees
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What does adaptation include?
Changing
agricultural
systems or managing
water supplies
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What could farmers use to sustain optimum conditions with new rainfall patterns?
Biotechnology
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What should be recycled in dry areas to manage water shortages?
Rain water
and waste water
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How do the Earth's tilt and orbital shape influence solar radiation reception?
Affecting the
amount
received
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What agricultural practice involving water contributes to global warming?
Rice paddies
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What is the main purpose of carbon capture technology?
Reduce
emissions
from
power stations
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What environmental change is predicted to occur in dry areas?
They
are
predicted to get drier
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