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GCSE Geography
coastal landforms P1
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Cards (32)
What coastal landforms are discussed in part one of this geography video?
Discordant/concordant
coastlines,
headlands
/
bays
,
caves
/
arches
/
stacks
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What influences the erosional landforms that develop on a coastline?
Rock types and
geological
structures
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How are discordant coastlines arranged?
Bands of
hard/soft rock
at right angles
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How are concordant coastlines arranged?
Altering
bands
of rock parallel to the coast
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Along what type of coastline do headlands and bays form?
Discordant
coastlines
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How do headlands and bays form?
Erosion
of alternating
resistant
and
less resistant
rock
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What is the general shape of a bay?
Gentle slope
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Where does wave erosion primarily occur on a cliff?
At
the
foot
of
the
cliff
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What geological feature is formed due to wave erosion at the base of a cliff?
A
wave cut notch
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How does the undercutting of a cliff lead to the formation of a wave cut platform?
Causes
the rock above to
collapse
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What is left behind as a cliff retreats due to repeated erosion and collapse?
A
wave cut platform
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Where are beaches typically located?
Between
high
and
low water marks
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What type of waves are responsible for the formation of beaches?
Constructive waves
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What are the two main types of beaches discussed?
Sandy
and
shingle
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What kind of waves create sandy beaches?
Low energy
waves
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Describe the general characteristics of sandy beaches.
Flat
and
wide
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Why do low energy waves create gentle slopes on sandy beaches?
Weak
backswash
moves sand back
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What kind of waves form shingle beaches?
High energy
waves
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Describe the shape of shingle beaches?
Steep
and
narrow
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What happens to sand particles on a shingle beach?
They
are
washed
away
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Where do spits typically form?
At sharp bends in the
coastline
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What is the primary process responsible for the formation of spits?
Longshore drift
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How do strong winds and waves affect the shape of a spit?
Curve the end forming a
recurved
end
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What happens in the sheltered area behind a spit?
Material accumulates
, flats are able to grow
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What type of coastal feature can develop behind a spit over time?
A
mud flat
or a
salt marsh
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How does a bar form?
When a
spit
joins two
headlands
together
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What is created when a bar cuts off a bay from the sea?
A
lagoon
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Under what coastal conditions do offshore bars form?
Gentle slope
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What causes waves to deposit sediment offshore, forming an offshore bar?
Friction with the
seabed
causes waves to slow down
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How does longshore drift contribute to the formation of sand dunes?
Deposits sand that is moved up the
beach
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What causes sand to be deposited, forming embryo dunes?
Obstacles cause
wind speed
to decrease
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What role do plants play in the stabilization of embryo dunes?
Roots of
vegetation
stabilize dunes
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