Elizabethan England

• The Act of Supremacy (1534) made Henry VIII the head of the Church of England.
• The lower class in Elizabethan England consisted of peasants, laborers, and servants who had little wealth or social status.
• Nobility and gentry made up the upper class, consisting of wealthy landowners and aristocrats who held significant influence and privileges.
• Elizabeth's reign was marked by religious conflict between Catholics and Protestants.
• In 1569, Mary Queen of Scots attempted to overthrow Elizabeth and restore Catholicism to England.
• Catholics believed that the Pope was the spiritual leader of Christianity, while Protestants rejected this belief and followed the Bible as their only source of authority.
• Catholics believed that the Pope was the spiritual leader of Christianity, while Protestants rejected this belief and emphasized individual interpretation of scripture.
• In 1569, Mary Queen of Scots attempted to overthrow Elizabeth and restore Catholicism as the dominant religion in England.
• Mary's execution led to increased tensions with Spain and France.
• This led to the execution of Mary Queen of Scots in 1587.
• England faced threats from foreign powers such as Spain and France during Elizabeth's reign.
• Spain invaded Portugal in 1580, leading to fears that they would also attack England.
• During Elizabeth's reign, there were two main branches of Protestantism - Anglicans and Puritans.
• Anglicans accepted the Book of Common Prayer and the monarchy, but wanted reform within the church.
• Puritans sought further reform and believed that the church needed to be purified from all forms of corruption.
• During Elizabeth's reign, there were two main branches of Protestantism: Anglicans and Puritans.
• Anglicans accepted the Church of England under Elizabeth's leadership, while Puritans wanted further reforms to remove remaining Catholic practices from the church.
• The Spanish Armada was defeated by the English navy in 1588, preventing Spain from invading England and supporting Mary Queen of Scots.
• Mary Queen of Scots was executed in 1587 due to her involvement in plots against Elizabeth.
• Religious tensions continued during Elizabeth's reign, with Catholics being persecuted and Protestant dissenters facing restrictions on worship.
• During her reign, Elizabeth faced challenges from both Catholics and Puritans who wanted further reforms.
• The Spanish Armada was sent to invade England but failed due to bad weather and poor planning.
• Puritans were strict Protestants who sought to purify the Church of England even more than it already had been under Henry VIII.