GIC

• Examples of GICs

  Fuji IX5 Fuji II5 Ketac Molar 1 Ketac-Fil1 Fuji Fast 5
• Examples of Resin - modified glass ionomers (RM-GICS)

  Fuji II LC5 Vitremer1 Photac-Fil1
• What are compomers?

  - Polyacid-modified resin composites - Composite resins that have been modified with polyacid

  
• What are RBCs?

  Resin - based composites
• Examples of Resin based composites

  Filtek Z2501 Tetric Ceram 2 Heliomolar 2 Filtek Flow1 Filtek P601
• Zinc oxide & Phosphoric acid will make what cement?

  Zinc Phosphate cement
• Phosphoric acid and aluminosilicate glass make what kind of cement?

  Silicate Cement
• What does polyacrylic acid do?

  Provides adhesion, provides a glue to tooth structure
• Aluminosilicate glass and polyacrylic acid make which type of cement?

  Glass Ionomer cement
• Glass Ionomer releases what?

  Fluoride Ions
• What are some clinical applications of GICs?

  Restorative materials (type II) – non-carious lesions – class III (involving exposed root dentine) – class II (deciduous dentition) – temporary restorations – crown margin repair Cavity bases and liners (type III/IV) – base under resin composites – blocking undercuts Luting agents (type I) – cementation of crowns and bridges
• GIC's should not be placed where?

  Occlusal surface, areas where there will be a lot of wear and tear
• What is the composition of Glass Ionomer Cements?

  • Powder – Fluoro-alumino-silicate glass + Pigments
  • Liquid – Poly (acrylic) (maleic) (itaconic) acid – ± Tartaric acid – Distilled water

  or

  • Power - Fluoro-alumino-silicate + dried polyacrylic acid + pigments
  • water

  
• Glass Ionomer Cements are mainly used in which patients?

  children, primary dentition
• What is the setting reaction equation for GICs

  Acid-base reaction MO.SiO2 + H2A → MA + SiO2 + H2OAcid + Base = Salt + Water
• What are the three overlapping stages of the setting reaction?

  Dissolution Gelation Maturation
• How are ions released in Glass Ionomer Cements?

  Differential Ion Release(Different rates of release)

  
• What do Aluminum and Calcium do?

  Harden the material
• What happens in the maturation stage?

  Further crosslinks are formed Hardening
• The dissolution stage of the setting reaction

  • Liquid + power
  • + H+ ions = glass core (silica gel)
  • + polyions = Ca and Al polysalts

  
• The Gelation Stage of the setting reaction

  Ca ions cross link between polyacid molecules

  
• What are the three main structures of glass ionomer cements?

  • Cross linked polyacid molecules
  • Glass
  • Silica gel

  
• Adhesive properties of GICs:

  • H-Bonding to collagen (dentine)
  • ionic bonding to apatite (dentine, enamel, cementum)
  • 5-7 MPa

  
• Does the viscosity increase or decrease over time?

  Viscosity increases

  
• What does Tartaric acid do?

  It reacts with calcium, and temper the rate of release of calcium ionsIncreases rate of release of Aluminum ions
• How do you prepare a GIC?

  
• The material is hydraulic, true or false?

  True
• What is GIC susceptible to?

  • Loss
  • dissolution
  • protective layer required
  • erosion
  • chemical attack
  • abrasion
  • low wear resistance
• What happens when fluoride is released?

  - F ions not involved in salt formation mobile F ions diffuse to surface - may replace hydroxyl groups in apatite increased resistance to erosion reduced likelihood of caries formation - F ion can also be absorbed from surroundings
• Can GICS absorb fluoride from the surrounding areas?

  Yes, it can absorb fluoride from surroundings
• What are some aesthetic properties of GICs?

  • Lack of translucency • Phase separation of the glass • Refractive index mismatch
• What are some advantages of GIC properties?

  - Bulk placement - Less technique sensitive - Sustained release of fluoride - Direct adhesion to enamel and dentine- Easier to place
• What are some disadvantages of GICs?

  - Short working time - Long setting time - Susceptible to early moisture contamination - Susceptible to desiccation - Technique sensitive (P/L ratio) - Low strength - Poor wear resistance - Poor aesthetics (cf RBCs)
• What happens when you increase the Powder/ Liquid ratio?

  Reduces setting time Increases Compressive strength
• What is Chemfil?

  a GIC
• Glass ionomers are self etching due to the polyacid component, true or false?

  True
• Compare GICS to Composite/Amalgam

  - flexible and easier to apply compared to composite fillings.

  - lack strength and wear resistance
• What is the role of Tartaric acid in GIC?

  • reacts rapidly with calcium ions being released from the glass with the formation of calcium tartrate, extending the working time
  • increases rate of formation of aluminium polyacrylate cross-links, speeds up set.
• Maturation phase?

  Ca replaced by Al, strengthening the matrix
• Use for Class I or II?

  can be used as a permanent filling in kids or elderly where moisture control cant be achieved. If decided should be recorded in notes