american and french revolution

• What influenced reforms and revolutions during the Enlightenment?

  Ideas of human rights and equality
• What were the main beliefs of the Enlightenment that influenced revolutions?

  • Human rights
  • Equality
  • Governance by the people
• Which countries controlled colonies in the New World?

  Spain, France, Holland, and England
• When was the first permanent English settlement established?

  1607 in Jamestown, Virginia
• When did the first pilgrims arrive in America?

  1620 in Plymouth, Massachusetts
• When did England firmly establish the 13 colonies?

  1765
• What was the significance of town meetings in the colonies?

  Local legislative members were elected
• What was the Stamp Act of 1765?


  Direct tax on various documents and goods
• How did colonial assemblies respond to the Stamp Act?

  They unified against it, calling it illegal
• What was the outcome of the colonial response to the Stamp Act?

  Led to the non-importation of British goods
• What did the Writ of Assistance allow British authorities to do?

  Search for contraband goods
• What event is known as the Boston Tea Party?

  Men dumped tea into the harbor
• What was Britain's response to the Boston Tea Party?

  They enacted the Intolerable Acts
• When did the First Continental Congress meet?

  September 1774
• Which colony did not send representatives to the First Continental Congress?

  Georgia
• What grievances did the First Continental Congress send to the King?

  Taxation without representation is tyranny
• What did the First Continental Congress call for?

  A boycott of British goods
• What event marked the start of the American Revolution?

  Indepence
• Who met armed resistance at Lexington and Concord?

  British troops
• When did the Second Continental Congress convene?

  May 1775
• What was debated at the Second Continental Congress?


  Policies and the Declaration of Independence
• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

  Thomas Jefferson
• What key concepts did the Declaration of Independence emphasize?

  Equality, human rights, and people power
• When was the Declaration of Independence formally adopted?

  July 4, 1776
• Who was appointed Commander of the colonial army?

  George Washington
• What years did the War for Independence take place?

  1775–1781
• What significant event occurred in 1778 during the War for Independence?

  France entered the war to support the colonies
• When did Lord Cornwallis surrender?

  October 1781
• What treaty formally ended the War for Independence?

  Treaty of Paris (1783)
• What did Britain recognize after the Treaty of Paris?

  The United States as an independent nation
• When was the Constitution of the United States ratified?

  1788
• What did the Constitution promote?

  Democracy, republicanism, and citizen rights
• What was the first capital of the United States?

  New York
• When was George Washington inaugurated as the first president?

  April 30, 1789
• What was the Old Regime of Absolutism in France?

  System where peasants suffered under heavy taxes
• What were the three estates in France before the Revolution?

  1. First Estate – Clergy (Church)
  2. Second Estate – Nobility
  3. Third Estate – Bourgeoisie and lower classes
• Why was the Third Estate discontent?

  Burdened by taxes while others were exempt
• What worsened mass poverty during Louis XV's reign?

  His extravagant lifestyle
• Who were Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette?

  Monarchs who faced resentment from the people
• When did the Third Estate form the National Assembly?

  June 17, 1789