1.4 cell organelles

• Ribosomes are made or rRNA and proteins
• Ribosomes convert amino acids to form a protein
• The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains the cell's genetic material.
• mitochondria is an organelle that is a major asset in atp production. atp is an chemical energy source for cells
• endoplasmic reticulum (er) is an interconnected system of member an enclosed channels.
• the rough er transports proteins, creates them and has ribosomes attached to them which create the proteins
• rough er also folds proteins into their functional shape.
• cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provide structure and movement to the cell
• Flagella is a tail for bacteria, gametes of eukaryotes and protists
• cilia beat in an wave like motion and are smaller than flagella. they commonly move through a watery environment.
• protists are a group of organisms in the fact they dont fall in any other kingdom. the have aspects of both animals and plant cells
• plantae are heterotrophs and are autotrophs in the sense that they can make their own food and they are algae, and plants. and have plant cel features.
• Fungi they are a range of organisms that are eukaryotic and are heterotrophic and have a chitlin cell wall.
• smooth er involved in the manufacture of substances, detoxifying harmful products, and the storage and release of substances.
• golgi apparatus is a series of membrane-bound flattened sacs that are involved in the modification and packaging of proteins
• vesicles are small membrane bound sacs that contain proteins and lipids
• lysomes are vesicles filled with digestive enzymes that break down macro molecules
• Peroxisomes are vesicle filed to break down toxic substances in a cell
• Animalia are eukaryotic multi cellular whose cells lack a cell wall
• centrioles are found in animal cells and are responsible for the formation of spindle fibres
• chloroplast are found in plant cells and contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
• vacuole is a fluid filled sac that contains cell sap and is found in plant cells and holds materials and wastes
• symbiosis is a type of interaction between two organisms that benefits both
• endosymbiosis is the fusion of two organisms, one of which is a prokaryote and 1 organism lives in another
• Peroxisomes are involved in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances such as hydrogen peroxide.
• Centrioles are cylindrical cell structures found in animal cells, typically near the nucleus. They play a crucial role in organizing the chromosomes during cell division.
• A cell wall is a structural layer surrounding the outer membrane of some cells, providing strength, support, and protection.