L4

• What was World War I also known as?

  The Great War
• What did British Prime Minister Lord Grey mean by "the lamps have gone out all over Europe"?

  It signifies the end of peace in Europe
• What event escalated the conflict between Serbians and Austrians?

  The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Who was Gavrilo Princip?

  A Serbian nationalist assassin
• What was Gavrilo Princip's goal?

  To create a "Greater Serbia"
• Which countries supported Austria in declaring war on Serbia?

  Germany and Italy
• What was the consequence of Serbia refusing Austria's demands?

  Austria declared war on Serbia
• What were the major alliances by 1907 in World War I?

  • Triple Entente (Allies):
  • France
  • Britain
  • Russia (left in 1917)
  • United States (joined in 1917)
  • Triple Alliance (Central Powers):
  • Germany
  • Austria-Hungary
  • Italy (later joined Allies)
  • Ottoman Empire
• When did World War I start?

  1914
• What ultimatum did Austria send to Serbia on July 23, 1914?

  A list of demands to be answered in 48 hours
• How did Serbia respond to Austria's ultimatum?

  Accepted all but one demand
• What significant action did Germany take on August 1, 1914?

  Declared war on Russia
• What did Germany do on August 3, 1914?

  Declared war on France and invaded Belgium
• When did Great Britain declare war on Germany?

  August 4, 1914
• What happened on August 6, 1914?

  Austria declared war on Russia
• When did World War I officially end?

  November 11, 1918
• What was signed on November 11, 1918?

  The Marshal Foch Armistice
• How long did World War I last?

  Four years
• What were the key battles and warfare strategies in World War I?

  • Trench Warfare:
  • Battle of Ypres (250,000 casualties)
  • Battle of Verdun (700,000+ killed)
  • War in the East:
  • Battle of Tannenberg (Russian defeat)
  • 2 million Russians killed, wounded, or captured
  • March 1917: Revolution overthrew Czar Nicholas II
  • March 1918: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed
• What was the significance of "No Man’s Land" in trench warfare?

  It was a wasteland filled with destruction
• What was the casualty count for the Battle of Ypres?

  250,000 casualties
• How many were killed in the Battle of Verdun?

  700,000+
• What characterized trench warfare during World War I?

  Soldiers fought from trenches dug into the ground
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Tannenberg?

  Russian forces were defeated
• What happened in Russia in March 1917?

  A revolution overthrew Czar Nicholas II
• What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

  A treaty ending Russia’s involvement in the war
• What were the main weapons and technology used in World War I?

  • Machine Guns: 600 rounds per minute
  • Tanks: Steel armor and caterpillar treads
  • Airplanes: Used in dogfights and bombing
  • Poison Gas: Mustard gas for attacks
  • Other Equipment:
  • Howitzers
  • Flamethrowers
  • Torpedoes
  • U-boats
  • Gas masks
  • Camouflage
• What was the firing rate of machine guns in World War I?

  600 rounds per minute
• What was President Woodrow Wilson's initial stance on World War I?

  He wanted to remain neutral
• What were the reasons for U.S. entering World War I in 1917?

  Unrestricted submarine warfare and Zimmermann Telegram
• What was the Zimmermann Telegram?

  Germany's attempt to ally with Mexico
• What was the impact of the Russian Revolution on World War I?

  Russia withdrew, leaving Allies in need
• What was the phrase associated with U.S. involvement in World War I?

  "The world must be made safe for democracy"
• What was the date of the armistice that ended World War I?

  November 11, 1918
• What were the outcomes of the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919?

  • Held in Paris, Palace of Versailles
  • "Big Four" Leaders:
  • Woodrow Wilson (USA)
  • David Lloyd George (UK)
  • Georges Clemenceau (France)
  • Vittorio Orlando (Italy)
  • Germany was heavily punished and accepted blame
  • League of Nations was created
• Who were the "Big Four" leaders at the Versailles Peace Conference?

  Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau, Orlando
• What was the League of Nations?

  A global organization for peace
• What roles did women take on during World War I?

  • Took over farms, offices, factories
  • Became drivers, cooks, and nurses
  • Granted the right to vote:
  • 1918 (Britain, age 30)
  • 1928 (Britain, age 21)
  • 1918 (USA Constitutional Amendment)
  • 1920 (USA Law)
• What jobs did women take on during World War I?

  Farms, offices, factories, and service jobs
• When were women granted the right to vote in Britain?

  1918 (age 30) and 1928 (age 21)