ATP-ADP Cycle

• Energy is stored from the breakdown of food molecules in the ATP - ADP cycle.
• The phosphate bonds in ATP are very helpful for storing energy.
• Energy that is released during the breakdown of chemical bonds linking the phosphate groups in ATP is used by the cells to do their functions.
• The used of energy, the ADP has a reduced amount of chemical energy than ATP.
• In making ATP, energy that is released during chemical processes and series of reaction are used to bond a phosphate group to ADP.
• ATP is a short-term energy-storage molecule, each cell approximately contains about one billion ATP molecules.
• The process of ATP synthesis is linked to a process known as coupled reactions, where two reactions occur at the same time and at the same place.
• Exothermic reactions give off energy, while endothermic reactions take in energy.
• In coupled reactions, an exothermic reaction supplies the energy needed to drive an endothermic reaction.
• In plants, by the aid of sunlight, high energy glucose molecules are synthesized from the carbon dioxide and water, an endothermic reaction, which is coupled with an exothermic reaction.
• Adenosine triphosphate or ATP provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells.
• ATP is a complex molecule that contains the nucleoside adenosine and a tail consisting of the three phosphates.
• ATP is composed of the purine base adenine and the sugar ribose which together form the nucleoside adenosine.
• The basic building blocks used to construct ATP are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus.
• Energy is usually liberated from the ATP when it is broken down, removing one of the phosphate-oxygen groups, leaving adenosine diphosphate (ADP).