Acids & Bases

• What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?

  CaCO3
• What is slaked lime?

  Solid calcium hydroxide
• What is limewater?

  Calcium hydroxide solution
• What is quicklime?

  Calcium oxide
• What happens during the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate?

  It produces calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
• What occurs when calcium oxide reacts with water?

  It forms calcium hydroxide
• What is the result of calcium hydroxide reacting with carbon dioxide?

  It produces calcium carbonate and water
• What does the fg chip do when heated?

  It glows yellow
• Why is the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate considered endothermic?

  It takes in heat
• What happens when cold water contacts calcium oxide?

  It swells and crumbles
• What does the reaction of calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide indicate?

  The limewater turns milky
• What are the uses of limestone?

  • Building material
  • Landmarks and attractions
  • Cement production
  • Neutralizing acidic soils
• What is the composition of limestone?

  Calcium, carbon, and oxygen
• What is produced when limestone reacts with acid?

  Carbon dioxide, water, and salt
• How is cement made from limestone?

  By adding clay and heating in a rotary kiln
• What is the reaction for making mortar?

  Cement + sand + water
• What is the reaction for making concrete?

  Cement + sand + water + crushed rock
• What happens when you bubble your breath through limewater?

  It makes the limewater cloudy
• What is a negative aspect of thermal decomposition of limestone?

  It produces carbon dioxide
• Why do we add water to calcium oxide?

  To make calcium hydroxide
• What effect does acid rain have on fish in lakes?

  It makes the lakes acidic
• How can we restore a lake's pH?

  By adding limewater
• What is the economic benefit of limestone buildings?

  They boost tourism
• What is the reaction of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydrogen carbonate?

  Produces sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide
• Why do antacids fizz when acid is added?

  Due to the production of carbon dioxide
• What is the pH scale and its significance?

  • Ranges from 0 to 14
  • Measures acidity or alkalinity
  • 7 is neutral
  • Below 7 is acidic, above 7 is alkaline
• What is neutralization in chemistry?

  • Reaction between acid and alkali
  • Produces salt and water
  • Can use sodium bicarbonate or metal carbonates
• What does hydrochloric acid produce?

  Chlorides
• What does nitric acid produce?

  Nitrates
• What does sulfuric acid produce?

  Sulfates
• What does carbonic acid produce?

  Carbonates
• How is the salt product named in a neutralization reaction?

  After the reactants, alkali first
• What is the reaction of sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid?

  Produces sodium sulfate and water
• What is the main component of antacids?

  Sodium hydrogen carbonate
• What happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  It produces sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide
• What causes fizzing in the reaction of antacids with acid?

  Production of carbon dioxide