8.1 Group 2

• Reactivity increases down Group 2 because the outer electrons are further from the nucleus and therefore easier to lose
• Ionisation energy decreases down the group

  • atomic radius increases
  • shielding increases
  • less attraction between nucleus and outer electrons
• Elements down group 2 become stronger reducing agents
• Group 2 metals react with oxygen to form a metal oxide
• Group 2 metals react with water to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas
• Group 2 metals react with dilute acids to form a salt and hydrogen gas
• Group 2 oxides react with water to form an alkaline solution of group 2 hydroxides
• Group 2 hydroxides are only slightly soluble in water
• Solubility of group 2 hydroxides increases down the group
• Group 2 oxides, hydroxides and carbonates are bases
• Calcium hydroxide is used in agriculture to neutralise acid soils
• Magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are used to neutralise acids causing indigestion