learning aim c

• Location-based data


  Data that is based on the location of the user, such as from GPS chips in smartphones, sat NAV systems, electronic ankle tags, and vehicles
• Transactional data


  Data generated as the result of a transaction, such as purchases, invoices, payments, signups, reservations, and subscriptions
• Cookies


  Small files stored on a user's computer by a website, which allow the website to share information with other websites
• Data exchange between services


  The sharing of data between different services or companies
• Benefits of using shared data

  • Communication services such as email
  • Ability for multiple people to work on the same documents
  • Companies can automate tasks such as sending paperwork to customers and couriers
• Drawbacks of using shared data

  • If the data is shared with someone untrustworthy, you may lose control of it
  • Specific laws must be obeyed when data is shared
• Legal considerations


  The Data Protection Act 2018 requires companies to have a privacy policy if they deal with personal data, and to inform customers if data is misused or lost, with potential fines of up to 20 million Euros or 4% of company earnings
• Privacy


  Personal data needs to be kept private and confidential within the companies it has been shared with
• Ethical use


  Companies need to think carefully about whether the use of the data is ethical, and product information needs to be clearly displayed
• Objectives


  The objectives of using shared data should be to benefit the customers or users, not just the company
• A new social network is paid for by advertising revenue
• Most social networks are free to use, but they make money by using the personal information that users enter
• Companies can use personal data they collect to target specific products to specific groups of people
• Websites like Best All-inclusive Holidays make money by allowing other companies to advertise on their site, and they use cookies and information about the user's previous searches to display relevant adverts
• The Family Tracker app uses GPS to track the location of the user, which can help parents locate their children but also raises privacy concerns
• Jazzies Popup Cafe collects personal information like name, email, home address, date of birth, gender, and dessert eating habits, which may be shared with other companies
• Square, a payment processing tool, collects data from payment cards including the card number, expiry date, country code, and name, which is shared with the payment processor, card provider, customer's bank, and the shop's bank
• For online shopping, payment and shipping information is shared with the payment processor, card issuer, customer's bank, shop's bank, and courier company
• Elements of computer components

  • Heat sink
  • CPU
  • Network cable
  • Mouse
  • RAM
  • Hard drive
• CPU


  • Fibreglass
  • Aluminium
  • Gold
• Network cable


  • Copper
  • Plastic
• Mouse


  • Plastic
  • Rubber
• RAM


  • Fibreglass
  • Gold
• Hard drive


  • Aluminium
  • Steel
  • Fibreglass
  • Plastic
• Starter


  • Heat sink
  • Mouse
  • CPU
  • Network cable
  • RAM
  • Hard drive
• Materials in one component

  • Aluminium heatsink
  • Plastic slots
  • Copper contacts
  • Lithium battery
  • Fibreglass board
  • Steel, plastic and copper slots
• Lifecycle of a computer

  1. Mining for raw materials

  2. Manufacture

  3. Purchase and use

  4. Recycling centre

  5. Reprocessing plant
• Mining raw materials


  Leads to contamination and erosion
• Plastics


  Damage the environment if not recycled
• Gas and coal


  Needed to power the factories
• Cooling systems


  Use large amounts of water
• Diesel


  Needed for transportation of raw materials, parts and the final product
• Renewable vs Non-renewable


  • Plastic
  • Steel
  • Gold
  • Copper
  • Aluminium
  • Fibreglass
  • Diesel
  • Water
• Which countries on the chart produce the most and least amount of e-waste per person
• What we throw away each year in the UK

  • 1.6 million tonnes of e-waste is generated each year
  • 23% of electronics thrown away still work or need minor repair
• What we throw away each year worldwide

  • 300 tons of gold (£9 billion)
  • 1000 tons of silver (£400 million)
  • 16 million tons of steel (£6.5 billion)
• Each mobile phone contains about 24mg of gold
• Fairphone


  • Launched in 2013
  • Modular phone designed so user can replace parts
  • Means phone lasts longer and creates less waste
• Fairphone


  • Designed for easy use and to be long lasting
  • Offers repair tutorials to increase how long the phone can work for
  • Responsibly sourced materials
  • Good working conditions for people who make the phone
• Why may it be hard to sell large numbers of this type of phone