Midterm 1

• Ipsilateral means connecting to the same side in the brain, e.g. the left side of the brain is the left side of the body
• Contralateral means connecting to opposite sides in the brain, e.g. the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body
• Lateral means positioned toward the side
• Superior means positioned above
• Inferior means positioned below
• Medial means positioned toward the middle
• Ventral refers to the stomach side of the spinal cord and the underside of the brain
• Dorsal refers to the back side of the spinal cord and the top side of the brain
• The saggital plane is a vertical plane that extends from front to back and can shift from medial to lateral
• The coronal plane is a vertical plane that extends from right to left and can shift from anterior to posterior
• The horizontal plane is parallel to the ground and can shift from dorsal to ventral
• Ventricles are chambers that are the source of and filled with CSF
• The three layered protective covering surrounding the CNS is made up of meninges
• Cerebral Spinal Fluid circulates from the brain through Central Canal and up through Arachnoid Space
• The Blood/Brain Barrier controls what chemicals enter the brain by closing and blocking gaps in capillaries
• The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord
• The Automatic Nervous System is concerned with assessing and maintaining the body’s internal environment
• The Peripheral Nervous System consists of nerves that enter/exit the CNS
• The Somatic Nervous System is concerned with interacting with the environment
• T/F: The brain stem includes hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain structures - TRUE
• T/F: The Raphe System, which runs along the medial face of the brain stem, plays a role in feeding behavior - FALSE
• T/F: The Reticular Activating System, that runs up the brain stem, arouses the brain - TRUE
• T/F: The brain stem includes the cerebellum - FALSE
• T/F: The brain stem includes the Thalamus and Hypothalamus - TRUE
• The Medulla controls vital reflexes - part of the Hindbrain
• The Pons passes motor information to/from higher brain centers - part of the Hindbrain
• The Cerebellum is responsible for motor programs with real-time sensory feedback - part of the Hindbrain
• The Thalamus distributes sensory, motor and arousal info to/from the rest of the brain - part of the Diencephalon
• The Hypothalamus is the neuro/endocrine interface - part of the Diencephalon
• The Pituitary Gland receives commands to release hormones into the bloodstream - part of the Diencephalon
• The Hypothalamus works as a kind of “thermostat” to control homeostasis - part of the Diencephalon
• The Thalamus projects to “Primary Projection Ares” of cortex - part of the Diencephalon
• The Hypothalamus is associated with “The 4 F’s” - part of the Diencephalon
• The Hippocampus is involved with forming new memories - part of the Limbic System
• The Amygdala deals with emotional expression and interpretation - part of the Limbic System
• The Olfactory Bulb receives smell information - part of the Limbic System
• The Cingulate Gyrus evaluates go/no go - part of the Limbic System
• The Hippocampus does spacial mapping - part of the Limbic System
• The Basal Ganglia is implicated in Parkinson’s Disease - part of the Telencephalon
• The Basal Forebrain arouses and de-arouses the cortex - part of the Telencephalon