development of attachment

• • Schaffer and Emerson theorized four stages of attachment development:
  • studied 60 babies from Glasgow at monthly intervals for the first 18 months of life 
  • observed them at their homes +interviewed mothers, mothers keep diaries to track separation anxiety, stranger anxiety, and social referencing.
• • Stage 1 pre attachment 
  • Age 0-2 months
  • Start to develop synchrony and reciprocity
  • No stranger anxiety 
  • Having a similar response to all stimuli and may show preference for social stimuli for example smiling
• Stage 2 indiscriminate attachment 

  • Age 4-6 months
  • very little stranger anxiety still easily comforted by most people 
  • Strong preference for human company 
  • General sociability
  • Know difference between familiar and unfamiliar people
• Stage 3 discriminate attachment 

  Age 7-9 months 

  • Start to have stranger anxiety
  • Form one special primary attachment with their primary caregiver and they have separation anxiety and joy on reunion 
• Age 10+ months 

  other attachments soon form after the original one

  they develop a wider circle of multiple attachments