4.3

• What is meant by a "two-speed world"?

  It describes how some countries are ‘switched on’ and benefit from globalisation (e.g. higher living standards), while others are ‘switched off’ and suffer from exclusion, corruption, or stagnation.
• What are the three key indicators of globalisation?

  1. Flows (e.g. trade, migration)

  2. Technologies (e.g. internet access)3. Media (e.g. advertising, communications)
• What does the KOF Index measure?

  It measures globalisation using three indicators:Economic globalisation ( e.g. FDI volume, Social globalisation (e.g. cross-border contact) and Political globalisation (e.g. foreign embassies)
• What are some top and bottom KOF Index countries in 2015?

  Top: 1. Ireland (91.3), 2. Netherlands (91.24), 3. Belgium (91)Bottom: 191. Solomon Islands (25.26), 190. Somalia (25.39), 189. Kiribati (26)
• How does the AT Kearney Index differ from KOF?

  It uses broader, holistic indicators, including: Political engagement, Technological connectivity, Personal contact and Economic integrationIt also includes volume-based measures and participation in global treaties.
• Why is Zambia considered a ‘switched off’ country trying to switch on?

  Despite being a major copper producer, Zambia is landlocked and relies on rail links for exports. However, Chinese investment and infrastructure improvements (e.g. TanZam and Benguela railways) have helped increase copper trade and FDI.
• What challenges does Zambia face despite improvements?

  Poor infrastructure, reliance on copper (which fluctuates in demand), and landlocked geography still pose challenges. However, fibre optic growth and local development in towns like Kitwe are helping.
• Why is Tanzania struggling to ‘switch on’?

  Although it has fertile soils and a large agricultural workforce, it suffers from unstable global cotton prices, leading to unreliable income, limited infrastructure investment, and economic vulnerability.
• What role does global overproduction play in Tanzania's economy?

  It causes cotton prices to fluctuate dramatically, making it hard for Tanzania to earn stable export income, impacting development and global integration.
• How are countries like Tanzania trying to improve global links?

  Tanzania is developing export partnerships with India, Japan, and the UAE to strengthen agricultural and mineral trade ties.