1.10

• What is the aim of hazard management?

  To minimize loss of life and property, help those affected, and ensure rapid and effective recovery.
• What are the four stages of the hazard management cycle?

  Mitigation (Prevention), Preparedness, Response, Recovery.
• What is the focus of the Mitigation stage?

  Preventing and minimizing the effects of hazards.
• What are key actions taken in the Mitigation stage?

  Identify potential hazards, reduce impact, plan zoning and land use, enforce building codes, build defenses.
• When does the Mitigation stage take place?

  Before and after hazard events.
• What is the focus of the Preparedness stage?

  Preparing to deal with a hazard event by minimizing losses and facilitating response and recovery.
• What are key actions taken in the Preparedness stage?

  Develop early warning systems, organize rescue services and evacuation plans, raise awareness, conduct drills.
• When does the Preparedness stage take place?

  Before hazard events.
• What is the focus of the Response stage?

  Saving lives, protecting property, making affected areas safe, and reducing immediate losses.
• What are key actions taken in the Response stage?

  Search, rescue, evacuation, restoring infrastructure, providing medical care and law enforcement.
• What is the focus of the Recovery stage?

  Short-term: meet immediate needs. Long-term: rebuild and reduce future vulnerability.
• What are short-term actions in the Recovery stage?

  Restore power, transport, water, healthcare, and financial services. Remove debris. Provide food and shelter.
• What are long-term actions in the Recovery stage?

  Rebuild homes, schools, businesses, and infrastructure.
• What is the Park Model (Hazard Response Curve)?


  A model used to assess and compare how places respond to and recover from hazard events.
• What factors affect the shape of the Park Model response curve?

  Event magnitude, level of development, and aid received.
• How do response curves differ between events?

  Sudden events (e.g., 2010 Haiti earthquake) have sharp impacts; slow events (e.g., Montserrat volcanic eruption) show gradual change.
• How does wealth affect the Park Model response curve?

  Wealthier countries tend to recover more quickly due to better infrastructure, resources, and response capacity.