Ionic Bonding

• Ions are charged particles - single atoms or a group of atoms
• Negative atoms (anions) from when atoms gain electrons - they have more electrons than protons
• Positive atoms (cations) form when atoms lose electrons - they have less electrons than protons
• The number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge on the ion
• Group 1, 2 and 3 are metals. They lose electrons to form positive ion.
• Group 5, 6 and 7 elements are non-metal. They gain electrons to form negative ions.